Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 1,901–2,000 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OH · State House District 22GEOID 39022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.241500K: 0.254 | 0.692500K: 0.692 | 23.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.0% | 63.256 km649 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 57GEOID 22057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.241500K: 0.258 | 0.593500K: 0.593 | 23.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.7% | 204.754 km3,045 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 36GEOID 44036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.241500K: 0.189 | 0.737500K: 0.387 | 23.9lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 21.6% | 167.128 km4,354 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| UT · State Senate District 3GEOID 49003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.241500K: 0.250 | 0.770500K: 0.770 | 28.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 420.056 km11,061 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 37GEOID 42037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.241500K: 0.263 | 0.732500K: 0.733 | 23.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 8.3% | 138.163 km6,507 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Grand Isle Senatorial DistrictGEOID 50GRI · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.241500K: 0.244 | 0.616500K: 0.616 | 28.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 165.499 km1,780 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · Congressional District 28GEOID 1228 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.241500K: 0.055 | 0.550500K: 0.286 | 40.5middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 77.3% | 952.314 km2,416 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 61GEOID 19061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.241500K: 0.250 | 0.687500K: 0.688 | 23.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.6% | 55.902 km1,119 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 14GEOID 13014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.241500K: 0.250 | 0.657500K: 0.657 | 28.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 91.67 km2,686 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 28GEOID 37028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.241500K: 0.255 | 0.720500K: 0.720 | 28.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.3% | 111.995 km2,672 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 59GEOID 06059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.241500K: 0.248 | 0.712500K: 0.712 | 23.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.7% | 168.08 km2,725 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State Senate District 10GEOID 41010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.242500K: 0.251 | 0.694500K: 0.694 | 28.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 95.285 km1,872 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 23GEOID 22023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.242500K: 0.245 | 0.674500K: 0.674 | 23.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 27.095 km488 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 8GEOID 35008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.242500K: 0.245 | 0.577500K: 0.577 | 24.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.3% | 84.458 km1,234 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 82GEOID 13082 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.242500K: 0.259 | 0.707500K: 0.707 | 24.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.8% | 163.863 km3,858 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 6GEOID 53006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.242500K: 0.245 | 0.754500K: 0.754 | 28.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 235.675 km3,938 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 6GEOID 53006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.242500K: 0.245 | 0.754500K: 0.754 | 24.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 235.675 km3,938 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 15GEOID 51015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.242500K: 0.250 | 0.669500K: 0.670 | 24.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.3% | 68.708 km2,496 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 9th Suffolk DistrictGEOID 25131 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.242500K: 0.253 | 0.664500K: 0.664 | 24.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.3% | 16.274 km427 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 90GEOID 05090 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.242500K: 0.248 | 0.666500K: 0.666 | 24.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.5% | 240.866 km5,530 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 53GEOID 08053 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.242500K: 0.263 | 0.712500K: 0.713 | 24.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 7.9% | 66.436 km1,445 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · State Senate District 6GEOID 55006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.242500K: 0.258 | 0.715500K: 0.716 | 29.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.1% | 54.799 km1,589 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 68GEOID 47068 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.242500K: 0.247 | 0.793500K: 0.793 | 24.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.8% | 189.593 km3,568 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 72GEOID 09072 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.242500K: 0.254 | 0.678500K: 0.679 | 24.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.8% | 30.994 km703 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 45GEOID 54045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.242500K: 0.253 | 0.739500K: 0.739 | 24.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.1% | 144.049 km4,121 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 101GEOID 37101 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.242500K: 0.247 | 0.700500K: 0.700 | 24.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.9% | 96.46 km3,081 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 56GEOID 01056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.242500K: 0.255 | 0.739500K: 0.739 | 24.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.8% | 89.675 km1,333 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 66GEOID 17066 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.242500K: 0.248 | 0.696500K: 0.696 | 24.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.4% | 87.002 km1,625 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Hillsborough 04GEOID 33504 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.265 | 0.649500K: 0.650 | 24.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 8.4% | 22.502 km799 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 77GEOID 06077 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.122 | 0.742500K: 0.512 | 24.3lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 49.6% | 216.613 km2,622 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 78GEOID 22078 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.244 | 0.598500K: 0.598 | 24.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.6% | 35.779 km354 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 26GEOID 28026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.244 | 0.716500K: 0.716 | 24.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.5% | 279.692 km1,596 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 9GEOID 45009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.249 | 0.620500K: 0.620 | 24.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.6% | 83.022 km2,041 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · Congressional District 1GEOID 3901 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.243500K: 0.250 | 0.607500K: 0.607 | 40.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 285.966 km6,546 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 20GEOID 54020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.250 | 0.659500K: 0.659 | 24.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.8% | 81.094 km1,577 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 11GEOID 22011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.277 | 0.729500K: 0.729 | 24.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 12.3% | 368.138 km8,573 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 96GEOID 09096 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.248 | 0.609500K: 0.609 | 24.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.9% | 20.367 km487 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 93GEOID 45093 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.255 | 0.788500K: 0.788 | 24.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.5% | 299.203 km5,144 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 70GEOID 47070 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.250 | 0.781500K: 0.781 | 24.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.7% | 415.272 km7,005 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 47GEOID 26047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.246 | 0.698500K: 0.698 | 24.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.2% | 212.569 km1,516 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State Senate District 2GEOID 05002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.243500K: 0.268 | 0.769500K: 0.769 | 29.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.4% | 673.877 km19,349 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State Senate District 4GEOID 29004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.243500K: 0.252 | 0.687500K: 0.688 | 29.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 67.74 km1,845 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 10GEOID 39010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.256 | 0.785500K: 0.785 | 24.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.1% | 93.628 km1,207 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 41GEOID 48041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.244 | 0.693500K: 0.693 | 24.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.4% | 92.865 km1,895 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State Senate District 21GEOID 20021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.243500K: 0.247 | 0.662500K: 0.662 | 29.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 62.039 km905 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 85GEOID 36085 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.257 | 0.672500K: 0.675 | 24.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.3% | 28.214 km341 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 26GEOID 44026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.254 | 0.679500K: 0.678 | 24.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.3% | 28.821 km1,030 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 8GEOID 24008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.243500K: 0.255 | 0.651500K: 0.651 | 29.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.7% | 60.054 km1,672 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative District 8GEOID 24008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.243500K: 0.255 | 0.651500K: 0.651 | 24.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.7% | 60.054 km1,672 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 106GEOID 28106 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.260 | 0.735500K: 0.735 | 24.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.5% | 266.348 km2,593 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 19GEOID 29019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.251 | 0.570500K: 0.571 | 24.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.0% | 53.423 km722 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 103GEOID 13103 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.247 | 0.622500K: 0.622 | 24.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.5% | 72.697 km1,381 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 31GEOID 53031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.244500K: 0.251 | 0.707500K: 0.707 | 29.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 274.198 km5,118 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 31GEOID 53031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.251 | 0.707500K: 0.707 | 24.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.1% | 274.198 km5,118 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 12GEOID 30012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.253 | 0.696500K: 0.696 | 24.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.8% | 264.028 km4,577 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 7GEOID 12007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.114 | 0.665500K: 0.544 | 24.7lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 53.3% | 1,085.966 km12,756 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 30GEOID 29030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.250 | 0.679500K: 0.680 | 24.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.3% | 54.422 km727 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 87GEOID 05087 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.268 | 0.827500K: 0.827 | 24.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 8.8% | 398.009 km11,051 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 92GEOID 01092 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.251 | 0.783500K: 0.783 | 24.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.8% | 443.004 km5,068 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 187GEOID 42187 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.246 | 0.687500K: 0.687 | 24.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.0% | 143.244 km1,493 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 13th Bristol DistrictGEOID 25022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.186 | 0.754500K: 0.675 | 24.8lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 23.8% | 34.201 km386 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 6GEOID 35006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.246 | 0.802500K: 0.802 | 24.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.6% | 727.93 km5,299 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State Senate District 1GEOID 35001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.244500K: 0.248 | 0.665500K: 0.666 | 29.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 148.956 km2,816 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 46GEOID 49046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.258 | 0.675500K: 0.676 | 24.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.2% | 67.268 km1,940 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 10GEOID 42010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.244500K: 0.248 | 0.606500K: 0.606 | 29.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 174.217 km2,538 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 113GEOID 37113 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.262 | 0.737500K: 0.736 | 24.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.9% | 315.95 km7,433 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 18th Essex DistrictGEOID 25041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.244500K: 0.258 | 0.682500K: 0.684 | 24.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.1% | 87.276 km2,228 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 117GEOID 13117 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.250 | 0.656500K: 0.656 | 24.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.1% | 91.233 km2,043 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 22GEOID 55022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.261 | 0.661500K: 0.661 | 24.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.4% | 128.293 km1,834 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 26GEOID 53026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.245500K: 0.087 | 0.724500K: 0.593 | 29.4middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 64.3% | 201.077 km1,400 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 26GEOID 53026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.087 | 0.724500K: 0.593 | 24.9lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 64.3% | 201.077 km1,400 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State Senate District 21GEOID 39021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.245500K: 0.253 | 0.791500K: 0.792 | 29.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 110.601 km1,053 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · Congressional District 3GEOID 2803 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.245500K: 0.248 | 0.693500K: 0.693 | 40.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 1,254.365 km14,133 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 25GEOID 13025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.245500K: 0.252 | 0.738500K: 0.738 | 29.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 474.039 km9,367 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 19GEOID 45019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.256 | 0.725500K: 0.726 | 24.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.5% | 63.566 km2,043 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 20GEOID 40020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.245500K: 0.249 | 0.657500K: 0.657 | 29.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 574.614 km8,424 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · Congressional District 7GEOID 0807 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.245500K: 0.251 | 0.797500K: 0.797 | 41.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 977.836 km12,187 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 107GEOID 36107 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.250 | 0.703500K: 0.704 | 25.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.9% | 347.374 km3,409 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 46GEOID 23046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.280 | 0.537500K: 0.413 | 25.0lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 12.5% | 161.708 km1,319 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 120GEOID 13120 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.254 | 0.720500K: 0.720 | 25.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 147.699 km2,751 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 34GEOID 17034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.245500K: 0.250 | 0.701500K: 0.702 | 29.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 134.372 km2,018 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 14th Norfolk DistrictGEOID 25109 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.254 | 0.685500K: 0.686 | 25.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 67.536 km1,401 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 25GEOID 21025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.256 | 0.753500K: 0.753 | 25.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 117.882 km2,036 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 57GEOID 20057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.247 | 0.659500K: 0.660 | 25.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 50.725 km547 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 126GEOID 36126 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.246 | 0.695500K: 0.695 | 25.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 295.647 km2,519 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 147GEOID 13147 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.254 | 0.691500K: 0.691 | 25.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 95.973 km2,145 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 24GEOID 54024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.257 | 0.604500K: 0.604 | 25.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 52.964 km1,132 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 35GEOID 53035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.245500K: 0.138 | 0.724500K: 0.693 | 29.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 43.8% | 446.428 km4,274 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 35GEOID 53035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.138 | 0.724500K: 0.693 | 25.1middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 43.8% | 446.428 km4,274 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 13GEOID 39013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.223 | 0.711500K: 0.682 | 25.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.2% | 49.212 km512 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 5GEOID 35005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.250 | 0.698500K: 0.698 | 25.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 577.302 km7,646 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 33GEOID 06033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.245500K: 0.251 | 0.810500K: 0.811 | 25.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 596.861 km7,119 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 122GEOID 09122 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.246500K: 0.251 | 0.633500K: 0.634 | 25.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 53.268 km1,305 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Congressional District 7GEOID 0607 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.246500K: 0.255 | 0.640500K: 0.641 | 41.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 305.949 km6,191 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 51GEOID 54051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.246500K: 0.257 | 0.807500K: 0.808 | 25.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 221.338 km5,789 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 34BGEOID 2734B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.246500K: 0.247 | 0.604500K: 0.605 | 25.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 48.023 km606 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State Senate District 17GEOID 23017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.246500K: 0.255 | 0.610500K: 0.611 | 29.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 211.901 km2,528 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 21GEOID 41021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.246500K: 0.251 | 0.576500K: 0.577 | 25.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 45.324 km984 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · Congressional District 3GEOID 3703 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.246500K: 0.041 | 0.691500K: 0.510 | 41.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 83.5% | 1,164.794 km21,736 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 93GEOID 42093 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.246500K: 0.260 | 0.769500K: 0.771 | 25.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.2% | 143.992 km3,069 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features