Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 2,101–2,200 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 40GEOID 53040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.252500K: 0.026 | 0.662500K: 0.390 | 31.5middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 89.6% | 359.956 km3,143 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 40GEOID 53040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.026 | 0.662500K: 0.390 | 26.4middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 89.6% | 359.956 km3,143 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 13GEOID 40013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.252500K: 0.256 | 0.681500K: 0.681 | 31.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 580.888 km7,365 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 18GEOID 36018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.252500K: 0.258 | 0.617500K: 0.617 | 31.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 31.351 km441 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · Congressional District 3GEOID 3203 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.252500K: 0.255 | 0.715500K: 0.715 | 44.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 511.466 km5,362 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State Senate District 10GEOID 26010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.252500K: 0.254 | 0.630500K: 0.630 | 31.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 88.462 km1,087 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State Senate District 25GEOID 48025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.252500K: 0.257 | 0.776500K: 0.776 | 31.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 646.209 km7,717 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 38GEOID 05038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.254 | 0.749500K: 0.749 | 26.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 295.589 km4,868 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 66GEOID 37066 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.260 | 0.704500K: 0.704 | 26.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 68.8 km2,656 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 3AGEOID 2703A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.224 | 0.705500K: 0.710 | 26.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.3% | 1,329.606 km5,380 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 8GEOID 22008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.259 | 0.750500K: 0.751 | 26.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 97.377 km1,553 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State Senate District 7GEOID 44007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.252500K: 0.265 | 0.632500K: 0.634 | 31.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.0% | 20.267 km617 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 35GEOID 35035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.255 | 0.690500K: 0.690 | 26.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 37.953 km1,107 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 147GEOID 09147 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.280 | 0.615500K: 0.615 | 26.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.9% | 32.133 km1,205 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Congressional District 18GEOID 3618 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.252500K: 0.258 | 0.650500K: 0.650 | 44.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 499.204 km5,687 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 18GEOID 51018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.265 | 0.631500K: 0.631 | 26.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.0% | 58.779 km2,337 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 60GEOID 44060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.256 | 0.586500K: 0.578 | 26.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 12.207 km290 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · Congressional District 2GEOID 3402 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.252500K: 0.216 | 0.673500K: 0.645 | 45.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 14.2% | 618.357 km8,779 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Representative District 20GEOID 10020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.355 | 0.729500K: 0.778 | 26.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 28.9% | 103.468 km2,000 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · Congressional District 6GEOID 1306 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.252500K: 0.258 | 0.694500K: 0.694 | 45.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 259.893 km5,136 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 55GEOID 48055 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.258 | 0.697500K: 0.697 | 26.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 165.044 km2,387 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 27GEOID 41027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.264 | 0.699500K: 0.700 | 26.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.5% | 43.566 km1,611 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 53GEOID 26053 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.261 | 0.686500K: 0.686 | 26.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 70.306 km1,028 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 74GEOID 06074 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.225 | 0.758500K: 0.723 | 26.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.0% | 251.432 km3,962 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 21GEOID 36021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.252500K: 0.262 | 0.705500K: 0.706 | 26.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 46.536 km840 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 20GEOID 48020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.253500K: 0.257 | 0.677500K: 0.677 | 26.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 222.6 km2,238 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 93GEOID 54093 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.253500K: 0.265 | 0.699500K: 0.700 | 26.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.6% | 66.05 km2,197 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PR · State House District 12GEOID 72012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.253500K: 0.276 | 0.764500K: 0.781 | 26.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.3% | 111.75 km1,866 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 8GEOID 27008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.253500K: 0.130 | 0.701500K: 0.429 | 31.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 48.4% | 154.712 km1,154 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 33BGEOID 2733B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.253500K: 0.267 | 0.674500K: 0.675 | 26.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.4% | 126.045 km4,150 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · Congressional District 4GEOID 3704 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.253500K: 0.258 | 0.765500K: 0.766 | 45.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 373.297 km8,897 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 74GEOID 18074 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.253500K: 0.257 | 0.752500K: 0.752 | 26.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 423.765 km5,013 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 72GEOID 37072 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.253500K: 0.264 | 0.745500K: 0.746 | 26.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 71.248 km2,271 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 37GEOID 08037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.253500K: 0.260 | 0.699500K: 0.699 | 26.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 66.616 km1,078 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 34GEOID 36034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.253500K: 0.258 | 0.638500K: 0.639 | 26.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 22.98 km262 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 2GEOID 28002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.253500K: 0.254 | 0.631500K: 0.630 | 31.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 82.161 km1,227 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State Senate District 4GEOID 05004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.253500K: 0.260 | 0.765500K: 0.765 | 31.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 580.853 km7,620 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · State Senate District 13GEOID 06013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.253500K: 0.182 | 0.790500K: 0.712 | 31.9middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 27.9% | 332.61 km4,891 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 15GEOID 45015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.253500K: 0.257 | 0.677500K: 0.678 | 26.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 45.259 km959 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 104GEOID 13104 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.253500K: 0.261 | 0.736500K: 0.737 | 26.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 91.686 km3,020 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 115GEOID 29115 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.253500K: 0.262 | 0.783500K: 0.783 | 26.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 202.584 km3,066 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 92GEOID 42092 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.253500K: 0.259 | 0.700500K: 0.700 | 27.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 161.757 km3,002 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 25GEOID 37025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.253500K: 0.260 | 0.576500K: 0.576 | 32.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 281.389 km3,526 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State Senate District 15GEOID 09015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.253500K: 0.263 | 0.682500K: 0.681 | 32.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 64.303 km1,407 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 129GEOID 09129 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.253500K: 0.279 | 0.659500K: 0.668 | 27.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.0% | 18.877 km492 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 5th Suffolk DistrictGEOID 25127 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.253500K: 0.268 | 0.750500K: 0.752 | 27.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.3% | 18.275 km550 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · State Senate District 5GEOID 55005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.253500K: 0.272 | 0.777500K: 0.777 | 32.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.9% | 105.451 km2,409 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 21GEOID 29021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.261 | 0.684500K: 0.685 | 27.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 41.63 km582 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State Senate District 13GEOID 30013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.254500K: 0.263 | 0.791500K: 0.791 | 32.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 871.837 km9,415 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| WY · State House District 47GEOID 56047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.254 | 0.753500K: 0.753 | 27.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 1,335.095 km5,945 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 47GEOID 17047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.270 | 0.705500K: 0.706 | 27.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.9% | 78.25 km2,229 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 2GEOID 28002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.256 | 0.683500K: 0.683 | 27.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 166.65 km1,566 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 50GEOID 36050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.254500K: 0.263 | 0.716500K: 0.718 | 32.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 309.147 km3,527 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 39GEOID 37039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.271 | 0.736500K: 0.737 | 27.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.2% | 124.5 km3,590 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 76GEOID 55076 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.267 | 0.576500K: 0.577 | 27.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.8% | 36.417 km1,332 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 129GEOID 13129 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.257 | 0.659500K: 0.659 | 27.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 59.635 km1,470 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 3GEOID 37003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.229 | 0.708500K: 0.687 | 27.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 10.0% | 293.686 km13,089 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 33GEOID 20033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.256 | 0.573500K: 0.573 | 27.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 76.364 km844 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 4GEOID 41004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.266 | 0.820500K: 0.820 | 27.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 473.901 km14,938 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 28GEOID 30028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.260 | 0.705500K: 0.705 | 27.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 1,095.817 km9,867 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 3GEOID 30003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.261 | 0.756500K: 0.756 | 27.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 533.637 km8,630 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 72GEOID 22072 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.264 | 0.670500K: 0.670 | 27.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 289.615 km4,735 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 127GEOID 48127 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.265 | 0.611500K: 0.611 | 27.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.0% | 118.894 km2,158 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 48GEOID 26048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.260 | 0.587500K: 0.587 | 27.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 190.816 km1,422 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · State Senate District 9GEOID 55009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.254500K: 0.281 | 0.639500K: 0.639 | 32.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.4% | 303.392 km12,927 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 61GEOID 21061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.263 | 0.759500K: 0.759 | 27.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 233.582 km4,427 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 51GEOID 41051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.267 | 0.777500K: 0.777 | 27.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.7% | 169.757 km3,148 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Chittenden-12 State House DistrictGEOID 50C12 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.263 | 0.511500K: 0.513 | 27.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 44.662 km1,387 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 106GEOID 36106 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.254500K: 0.259 | 0.739500K: 0.739 | 27.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 337.436 km4,347 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · State Senate District 17GEOID 54017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.255500K: 0.262 | 0.761500K: 0.761 | 32.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 265.783 km6,425 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 1GEOID 21001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.264 | 0.632500K: 0.632 | 27.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 375.098 km6,879 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 20GEOID 51020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.272 | 0.717500K: 0.719 | 27.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.5% | 49.717 km2,081 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 27GEOID 36027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.262 | 0.591500K: 0.592 | 27.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 37.107 km517 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 69GEOID 22069 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.257 | 0.633500K: 0.633 | 27.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 45.341 km1,239 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Congressional District 8GEOID 3608 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.255500K: 0.241 | 0.601500K: 0.580 | 45.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.4% | 75.725 km615 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 5GEOID 13005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.263 | 0.730500K: 0.730 | 27.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 206.884 km3,674 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 99GEOID 39099 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.180 | 0.617500K: 0.526 | 27.5middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 29.3% | 387.526 km1,985 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 130GEOID 13130 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.265 | 0.753500K: 0.754 | 27.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 128.865 km3,440 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 58GEOID 42058 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.265 | 0.708500K: 0.708 | 27.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 145.71 km3,464 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 18AGEOID 2718A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.263 | 0.874500K: 0.874 | 27.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 253.995 km4,894 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · Congressional District 6GEOID 2106 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.255500K: 0.265 | 0.796500K: 0.796 | 45.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 699.151 km12,293 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State Senate District 23GEOID 47023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.255500K: 0.259 | 0.719500K: 0.719 | 32.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 560.534 km7,578 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State Senate District 18GEOID 39018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.255500K: 0.148 | 0.699500K: 0.552 | 32.4middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 42.0% | 376.773 km2,283 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Cheshire 01GEOID 33201 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.258 | 0.619500K: 0.617 | 27.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 21.377 km332 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 119GEOID 20119 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.266 | 0.620500K: 0.625 | 27.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 43.402 km631 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 46GEOID 48046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.261 | 0.732500K: 0.732 | 27.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 170.154 km2,824 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State Senate District 20GEOID 41020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.255500K: 0.264 | 0.703500K: 0.702 | 32.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 78.656 km1,360 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 48GEOID 28048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.261 | 0.737500K: 0.737 | 27.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 352.748 km6,051 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 26GEOID 13026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.267 | 0.704500K: 0.705 | 27.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.5% | 87.817 km1,872 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 53GEOID 49053 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.273 | 0.745500K: 0.747 | 27.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.7% | 44.31 km759 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 2nd Barnstable DistrictGEOID 25002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.272 | 0.709500K: 0.647 | 27.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.3% | 88.315 km2,373 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 19GEOID 37019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.179 | 0.712500K: 0.633 | 27.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 29.7% | 250.995 km4,411 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 17GEOID 53017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.255500K: 0.258 | 0.682500K: 0.682 | 32.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 558.705 km5,291 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 17GEOID 53017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.258 | 0.682500K: 0.682 | 27.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 558.705 km5,291 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 72GEOID 21072 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.267 | 0.750500K: 0.751 | 27.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 327.065 km5,627 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 16GEOID 17016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.255500K: 0.260 | 0.709500K: 0.710 | 27.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 37.28 km1,136 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NE · Congressional District 1GEOID 3101 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.255500K: 0.257 | 0.700500K: 0.700 | 46.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 877.537 km9,408 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 91GEOID 30091 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.256500K: 0.261 | 0.713500K: 0.713 | 27.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 377.209 km4,460 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 52GEOID 36052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.256500K: 0.258 | 0.701500K: 0.701 | 32.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 408.743 km3,704 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 130GEOID 48130 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.256500K: 0.273 | 0.617500K: 0.618 | 27.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.5% | 142.648 km4,244 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features