Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 2,401–2,500 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TX · State House District 39GEOID 48039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.275 | 0.784500K: 0.785 | 30.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 166.149 km2,654 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 19GEOID 17019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.279 | 0.735500K: 0.736 | 30.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.0% | 32.924 km1,262 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State House District 49GEOID 15049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.286 | 0.678500K: 0.680 | 30.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.0% | 39.791 km1,099 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 72GEOID 29072 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.280 | 0.691500K: 0.690 | 30.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 34.562 km859 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Congressional District 7GEOID 5507 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.266500K: 0.192 | 0.717500K: 0.710 | 49.5middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 27.8% | 1,785.311 km16,083 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 12th Norfolk DistrictGEOID 25107 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.291 | 0.713500K: 0.713 | 30.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.7% | 49.475 km1,739 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 22GEOID 40022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.269 | 0.700500K: 0.700 | 30.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 486.397 km4,577 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · Congressional District 5GEOID 2605 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.266500K: 0.294 | 0.767500K: 0.792 | 49.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.7% | 889.919 km4,017 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 8th Worcester DistrictGEOID 25149 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.272 | 0.659500K: 0.658 | 30.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 87.081 km1,285 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · Congressional District 2GEOID 0502 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.266500K: 0.273 | 0.766500K: 0.766 | 50.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 816.087 km14,644 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 8GEOID 13008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.275 | 0.709500K: 0.709 | 30.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 293.659 km6,157 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Congressional District 13GEOID 3613 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.266500K: 0.272 | 0.637500K: 0.636 | 50.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 42.192 km554 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 21GEOID 13021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.276 | 0.726500K: 0.726 | 30.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 93.146 km3,684 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State Senate District 20GEOID 33020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.266500K: 0.270 | 0.638500K: 0.639 | 35.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 40.346 km683 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 44GEOID 24044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.266500K: 0.270 | 0.583500K: 0.583 | 35.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 60.249 km1,315 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 3GEOID 01003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.270 | 0.829500K: 0.830 | 30.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 134.067 km1,968 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 17GEOID 44017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.278 | 0.646500K: 0.650 | 30.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 21.55 km560 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 15th Suffolk DistrictGEOID 25137 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.280 | 0.702500K: 0.703 | 30.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 18.714 km600 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 111GEOID 28111 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.107 | 0.722500K: 0.332 | 30.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 59.7% | 202.841 km1,789 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AK · State House District 29GEOID 02029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.121 | 0.790500K: 0.773 | 30.9middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 54.5% | 1,477.369 km11,844 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 11GEOID 42011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.266500K: 0.273 | 0.723500K: 0.723 | 35.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 158.17 km2,667 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State Senate District 17GEOID 39017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.266500K: 0.273 | 0.645500K: 0.645 | 35.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 737.94 km7,405 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 14GEOID 16014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.266500K: 0.268 | 0.657500K: 0.657 | 35.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 281.527 km2,097 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 14GEOID 16014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.266500K: 0.268 | 0.657500K: 0.657 | 30.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 281.527 km2,097 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State Senate District 29GEOID 56029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.267500K: 0.279 | 0.704500K: 0.704 | 35.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 100.339 km1,646 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 26GEOID 42026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.267500K: 0.272 | 0.698500K: 0.699 | 30.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 115.246 km2,153 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| TN · Congressional District 7GEOID 4707 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.267500K: 0.273 | 0.779500K: 0.779 | 50.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 858.147 km13,051 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 25GEOID 01025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.267500K: 0.275 | 0.710500K: 0.710 | 30.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 67.362 km1,376 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State Senate District 28GEOID 45028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.267500K: 0.265 | 0.763500K: 0.758 | 35.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 230.919 km3,141 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 49GEOID 26049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.267500K: 0.271 | 0.653500K: 0.653 | 30.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 113.512 km1,206 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 90GEOID 30090 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.267500K: 0.278 | 0.768500K: 0.768 | 30.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.0% | 506.241 km8,980 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 31GEOID 22031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.267500K: 0.271 | 0.734500K: 0.734 | 31.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 98.008 km1,327 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 48GEOID 19048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.267500K: 0.268 | 0.738500K: 0.738 | 35.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 409.404 km3,189 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · Congressional District 5GEOID 4205 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.267500K: 0.274 | 0.719500K: 0.719 | 50.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 170.843 km4,485 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State Senate District 13GEOID 22013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.267500K: 0.296 | 0.844500K: 0.845 | 35.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.7% | 211.545 km7,871 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 89GEOID 05089 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.267500K: 0.274 | 0.711500K: 0.711 | 31.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 494.056 km8,971 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State Senate District 45GEOID 38045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.267500K: 0.275 | 0.816500K: 0.817 | 35.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 173.581 km2,934 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State House District 45GEOID 38045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.267500K: 0.275 | 0.816500K: 0.817 | 31.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 173.581 km2,934 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 79GEOID 29079 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.267500K: 0.275 | 0.712500K: 0.715 | 31.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 29.594 km775 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · Congressional District 3GEOID 3503 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.267500K: 0.268 | 0.667500K: 0.667 | 50.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 2,527.68 km13,464 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 77GEOID 18077 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.267500K: 0.278 | 0.727500K: 0.727 | 31.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 60.259 km1,005 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · Congressional District 2GEOID 1302 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.267500K: 0.274 | 0.799500K: 0.799 | 51.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 1,110.442 km14,638 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 33GEOID 19033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.267500K: 0.276 | 0.666500K: 0.667 | 31.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 30.652 km378 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 55GEOID 40055 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.267500K: 0.269 | 0.662500K: 0.662 | 31.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 495.908 km4,125 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 13GEOID 01013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.267500K: 0.278 | 0.814500K: 0.814 | 31.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.0% | 225.967 km4,168 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 124GEOID 42124 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.267500K: 0.271 | 0.646500K: 0.646 | 31.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 227.538 km2,310 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 95GEOID 36095 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.267500K: 0.270 | 0.655500K: 0.656 | 31.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 132.259 km1,503 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · Congressional District 8GEOID 2908 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.267500K: 0.274 | 0.731500K: 0.731 | 51.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 1,499.381 km13,814 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 7GEOID 29007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.270 | 0.710500K: 0.710 | 31.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 507.32 km5,955 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PR · State House District 28GEOID 72028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.291 | 0.751500K: 0.751 | 31.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.0% | 105.324 km3,263 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 92GEOID 40092 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.268 | 0.607500K: 0.607 | 31.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 43.968 km945 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 73GEOID 17073 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.269 | 0.634500K: 0.634 | 31.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 500.201 km4,753 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 171GEOID 42171 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.269 | 0.666500K: 0.666 | 31.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 283.268 km2,062 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 83GEOID 51083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.268 | 0.785500K: 0.787 | 31.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 527.883 km7,887 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 88GEOID 36088 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.291 | 0.680500K: 0.687 | 31.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.0% | 58.988 km1,512 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 44GEOID 53044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.268500K: 0.279 | 0.751500K: 0.751 | 35.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 114.045 km2,731 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 44GEOID 53044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.279 | 0.751500K: 0.751 | 31.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 114.045 km2,731 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 46GEOID 39046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.275 | 0.747500K: 0.747 | 31.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 122.11 km1,842 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · Congressional District 1GEOID 4701 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.268500K: 0.283 | 0.814500K: 0.814 | 51.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.2% | 736.457 km17,707 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 2GEOID 30002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.275 | 0.782500K: 0.782 | 31.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 438.907 km7,192 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 45GEOID 26045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.269 | 0.757500K: 0.757 | 31.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 342.841 km1,780 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 41GEOID 22041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.284 | 0.839500K: 0.839 | 31.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.6% | 249.713 km3,306 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 40GEOID 08040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.273 | 0.686500K: 0.687 | 31.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 50.184 km810 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · Congressional District 1GEOID 3701 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.268500K: 0.121 | 0.731500K: 0.680 | 51.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 54.9% | 1,061.552 km22,719 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 6GEOID 49006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.272 | 0.726500K: 0.726 | 31.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 138.217 km1,800 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 55GEOID 42055 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.268500K: 0.276 | 0.730500K: 0.730 | 31.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 164.403 km3,763 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State Senate District 19GEOID 23019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.268500K: 0.274 | 0.816500K: 0.816 | 35.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 583.614 km5,602 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · Congressional District 13GEOID 3913 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.268500K: 0.278 | 0.817500K: 0.817 | 52.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 276.412 km3,028 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State Senate District 19GEOID 49019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.268500K: 0.280 | 0.673500K: 0.673 | 36.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 110.064 km2,887 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · Congressional District 9GEOID 3909 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.269500K: 0.130 | 0.666500K: 0.628 | 52.3middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 51.5% | 657.15 km5,423 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 141GEOID 29141 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.269500K: 0.271 | 0.726500K: 0.726 | 31.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 442.959 km3,989 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State Senate District 26GEOID 49026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.269500K: 0.272 | 0.691500K: 0.691 | 36.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 1,736.427 km17,458 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Hillsborough 15GEOID 33515 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.269500K: 0.270 | 0.527500K: 0.527 | 31.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 28.883 km561 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Congressional District 6GEOID 3606 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.269500K: 0.281 | 0.752500K: 0.753 | 52.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 56.2 km939 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 64GEOID 35064 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.269500K: 0.269 | 0.586500K: 0.586 | 31.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 695.91 km3,114 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State Senate District 12GEOID 05012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.269500K: 0.278 | 0.667500K: 0.668 | 36.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 156.655 km2,481 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 11GEOID 06011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.269500K: 0.274 | 0.710500K: 0.712 | 31.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 358.918 km6,485 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · Congressional District 3GEOID 4903 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.269500K: 0.272 | 0.749500K: 0.748 | 52.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 1,870.959 km21,342 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 20GEOID 41020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.269500K: 0.280 | 0.747500K: 0.747 | 31.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 77.652 km1,598 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 30GEOID 54030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.269500K: 0.281 | 0.786500K: 0.786 | 31.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 219.911 km4,388 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 49GEOID 06049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.269500K: 0.284 | 0.738500K: 0.738 | 31.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.2% | 84.047 km1,894 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 53GEOID 37053 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.269500K: 0.284 | 0.634500K: 0.634 | 31.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.2% | 165.482 km4,208 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State Senate District 11GEOID 26011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.269500K: 0.274 | 0.733500K: 0.734 | 36.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 87.223 km875 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 29GEOID 23029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.269500K: 0.284 | 0.794500K: 0.795 | 31.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.0% | 400.192 km5,949 vertices · 9 parts · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 20GEOID 53020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.270500K: 0.277 | 0.688500K: 0.688 | 36.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 620.39 km7,359 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 20GEOID 53020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.277 | 0.688500K: 0.688 | 31.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 620.39 km7,359 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 108GEOID 13108 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.286 | 0.655500K: 0.655 | 31.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.6% | 54.711 km1,832 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 2BGEOID 2702B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.270 | 0.692500K: 0.692 | 31.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 718.303 km5,167 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · Congressional District 2GEOID 4002 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.270500K: 0.276 | 0.813500K: 0.813 | 53.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 1,644.962 km20,148 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · Suffolk and Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25D28 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.270500K: 0.280 | 0.686500K: 0.686 | 36.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 44.726 km1,579 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 14GEOID 37014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.207 | 0.765500K: 0.723 | 31.7middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 23.2% | 214.827 km4,182 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 92GEOID 51092 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.278 | 0.705500K: 0.706 | 31.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 49.96 km877 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 9GEOID 39009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.300 | 0.748500K: 0.758 | 31.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 10.0% | 55.198 km968 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 133GEOID 23133 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.276 | 0.671500K: 0.672 | 31.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 47.571 km809 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State Senate District 6GEOID 33006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.270500K: 0.289 | 0.658500K: 0.658 | 36.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.7% | 196.361 km2,270 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 70GEOID 26070 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.281 | 0.787500K: 0.787 | 31.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 69.755 km774 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State Senate District 27GEOID 38027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.270500K: 0.296 | 0.827500K: 0.827 | 36.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.9% | 95.866 km1,133 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State House District 27GEOID 38027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.296 | 0.827500K: 0.827 | 31.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.9% | 95.866 km1,133 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State Senate District 43GEOID 18043 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.270500K: 0.275 | 0.633500K: 0.633 | 36.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 407.479 km4,054 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 16GEOID 28016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.272 | 0.694500K: 0.694 | 31.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 151.324 km3,040 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features