Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 3,301–3,400 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MS · State House District 112GEOID 28112 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.305500K: 0.322 | 0.713500K: 0.712 | 42.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 108.208 km2,954 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 161GEOID 13161 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.313 | 0.806500K: 0.807 | 42.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 131.367 km2,562 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 110GEOID 28110 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.313 | 0.765500K: 0.767 | 42.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 50.157 km883 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 10GEOID 36010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.306500K: 0.229 | 0.647500K: 0.584 | 47.3middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 25.0% | 99.573 km680 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 22GEOID 42022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.306500K: 0.306 | 0.719500K: 0.719 | 47.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 174.639 km1,752 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 100GEOID 18100 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.308 | 0.757500K: 0.757 | 42.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 40.332 km792 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 61GEOID 28061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.323 | 0.731500K: 0.731 | 42.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.4% | 54.25 km1,382 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 88GEOID 30088 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.315 | 0.720500K: 0.720 | 42.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 137.086 km2,029 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 14GEOID 29014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.314 | 0.692500K: 0.692 | 42.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 54.863 km751 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 4GEOID 48004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.316 | 0.765500K: 0.765 | 42.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 353.589 km6,987 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · State Senate District 10GEOID 54010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.306500K: 0.317 | 0.769500K: 0.769 | 47.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 573.747 km8,100 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 79GEOID 48079 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.307 | 0.623500K: 0.623 | 42.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 100.807 km1,045 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State Senate District 12GEOID 51012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.306500K: 0.316 | 0.737500K: 0.737 | 47.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 185.336 km5,449 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 12GEOID 13012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.316 | 0.846500K: 0.847 | 42.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 263.922 km2,869 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · Congressional District 11GEOID 4811 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.306500K: 0.307 | 0.740500K: 0.740 | 66.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 1,434.978 km8,568 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 21GEOID 42021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.306500K: 0.308 | 0.803500K: 0.803 | 47.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 596.857 km6,543 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 23GEOID 35023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.310 | 0.735500K: 0.736 | 42.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 41.957 km792 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 126GEOID 23126 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.312 | 0.775500K: 0.776 | 43.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 60.922 km750 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 40GEOID 29040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.309 | 0.806500K: 0.806 | 43.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 348.557 km2,038 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 25GEOID 13025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.317 | 0.684500K: 0.685 | 43.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 55.695 km1,237 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 199GEOID 42199 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.310 | 0.730500K: 0.729 | 43.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 156.568 km2,678 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 58GEOID 49058 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.315 | 0.746500K: 0.746 | 43.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 107.12 km1,872 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 18GEOID 23018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.310 | 0.776500K: 0.776 | 43.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 433.766 km4,385 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State Senate District 5GEOID 44005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.306500K: 0.316 | 0.647500K: 0.644 | 47.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 15.556 km409 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 93GEOID 48093 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.309 | 0.708500K: 0.708 | 43.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 97.749 km1,182 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 64GEOID 51064 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.315 | 0.754500K: 0.754 | 43.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 121.87 km2,739 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State Senate District 26GEOID 05026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.306500K: 0.308 | 0.759500K: 0.759 | 47.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 403.723 km4,045 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 61GEOID 40061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.307 | 0.684500K: 0.684 | 43.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 941.072 km3,808 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 47GEOID 51047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.312 | 0.827500K: 0.827 | 43.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 395.197 km6,926 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 73GEOID 23073 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.314 | 0.816500K: 0.816 | 43.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 564.962 km6,761 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State Senate District 25GEOID 41025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.306500K: 0.316 | 0.756500K: 0.755 | 47.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 65.76 km1,188 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 70GEOID 36070 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.306500K: 0.307 | 0.735500K: 0.736 | 43.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 14.131 km188 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 102GEOID 22102 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.307500K: 0.309 | 0.699500K: 0.700 | 43.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 44.895 km434 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 2GEOID 55002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.307500K: 0.313 | 0.762500K: 0.762 | 43.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 220.783 km1,994 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 60GEOID 05060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.307500K: 0.318 | 0.860500K: 0.861 | 43.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 343.497 km7,525 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 2GEOID 17002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.307500K: 0.307 | 0.668500K: 0.668 | 43.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 37.928 km1,210 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 18GEOID 37018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.307500K: 0.328 | 0.786500K: 0.787 | 43.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.4% | 65.126 km1,522 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 102GEOID 13102 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.307500K: 0.321 | 0.698500K: 0.699 | 43.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.5% | 49.992 km1,421 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · Congressional District 2GEOID 3902 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.307500K: 0.316 | 0.771500K: 0.771 | 66.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 888.078 km13,118 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 115GEOID 09115 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.307500K: 0.522 | 0.795500K: 0.882 | 43.3middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 41.2% | 20.143 km647 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 13GEOID 21013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.307500K: 0.315 | 0.747500K: 0.746 | 43.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 77.467 km1,245 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 45GEOID 41045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.307500K: 0.317 | 0.691500K: 0.694 | 43.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 38.756 km489 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · Congressional District 12GEOID 3912 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.307500K: 0.310 | 0.776500K: 0.776 | 67.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 772.228 km6,696 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 1GEOID 13001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.307500K: 0.247 | 0.789500K: 0.760 | 47.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 19.7% | 398.88 km5,592 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 132GEOID 36132 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.307500K: 0.308 | 0.722500K: 0.722 | 43.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 452.142 km2,218 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State Senate District 28GEOID 41028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.307500K: 0.311 | 0.751500K: 0.751 | 47.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 976.142 km9,708 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 48GEOID 17048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.307500K: 0.318 | 0.739500K: 0.739 | 43.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 62.89 km1,254 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 33GEOID 27033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.307500K: 0.319 | 0.804500K: 0.804 | 47.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 145.952 km4,338 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State Senate District 21GEOID 15021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.307500K: 0.337 | 0.742500K: 0.777 | 47.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.8% | 61.356 km1,335 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 48GEOID 39048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.307500K: 0.321 | 0.877500K: 0.877 | 43.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 132.022 km1,542 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · Assembly District 2GEOID 32002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.309 | 0.689500K: 0.689 | 43.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 40.041 km768 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 89GEOID 48089 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.324 | 0.843500K: 0.843 | 43.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.0% | 151.82 km3,516 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 132GEOID 48132 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.311 | 0.785500K: 0.785 | 43.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 126.107 km1,326 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State Senate District 13GEOID 15013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.308500K: 0.325 | 0.782500K: 0.781 | 47.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.3% | 32.089 km779 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 11GEOID 09011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.312 | 0.691500K: 0.692 | 43.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 32.557 km624 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 94GEOID 45094 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.316 | 0.750500K: 0.751 | 43.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 41.887 km1,403 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 17GEOID 17017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.313 | 0.715500K: 0.715 | 43.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 50.814 km1,590 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 79GEOID 54079 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.321 | 0.722500K: 0.720 | 43.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 21.836 km576 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Rockingham 27GEOID 33727 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.311 | 0.688500K: 0.691 | 43.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 18.47 km306 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · Middlesex and Suffolk DistrictGEOID 25D26 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.308500K: 0.320 | 0.681500K: 0.683 | 47.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 34.71 km1,129 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 38GEOID 36038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.316 | 0.714500K: 0.716 | 43.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 21.704 km294 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 87GEOID 30087 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.322 | 0.778500K: 0.778 | 43.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 203.612 km3,919 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 15BGEOID 2715B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.316 | 0.875500K: 0.875 | 43.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 409.341 km7,134 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State Senate District 13GEOID 49013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.308500K: 0.321 | 0.728500K: 0.728 | 48.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 48.726 km1,552 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 75GEOID 06075 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.324 | 0.917500K: 0.916 | 43.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.0% | 588.393 km7,696 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 61GEOID 18061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.320 | 0.800500K: 0.801 | 43.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 46.226 km1,253 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 6GEOID 41006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.324 | 0.735500K: 0.735 | 43.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.9% | 50.247 km811 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 63GEOID 18063 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.311 | 0.811500K: 0.811 | 43.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 325.077 km3,684 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 33GEOID 48033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.308500K: 0.315 | 0.653500K: 0.653 | 43.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 135.334 km1,877 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 19th Worcester DistrictGEOID 25160 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.309500K: 0.323 | 0.699500K: 0.699 | 43.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 70.25 km1,637 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NE · State Senate District 16GEOID 31016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.309500K: 0.313 | 0.722500K: 0.723 | 48.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 427.162 km4,574 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 129GEOID 42129 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.309500K: 0.320 | 0.740500K: 0.739 | 43.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 36.918 km725 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State Senate District 5GEOID 20005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.309500K: 0.312 | 0.722500K: 0.722 | 48.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 115.42 km1,081 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Strafford 11GEOID 33811 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.309500K: 0.315 | 0.630500K: 0.630 | 43.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 62.704 km849 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State Senate District 2GEOID 41002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.309500K: 0.321 | 0.834500K: 0.835 | 48.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 563.604 km16,072 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 11GEOID 40011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.309500K: 0.310 | 0.684500K: 0.684 | 43.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 152.231 km1,759 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 27GEOID 16027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.309500K: 0.310 | 0.701500K: 0.701 | 48.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 691.506 km4,047 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 27GEOID 16027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.309500K: 0.310 | 0.701500K: 0.701 | 43.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 691.506 km4,047 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · Congressional District 1GEOID 2901 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.309500K: 0.314 | 0.770500K: 0.770 | 67.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 165.018 km2,499 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State Senate District 43GEOID 30043 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.309500K: 0.325 | 0.807500K: 0.808 | 48.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 438.696 km8,916 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State Senate District 37GEOID 12037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.309500K: 0.201 | 0.788500K: 0.685 | 48.3middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 34.8% | 140.134 km2,270 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Congressional District 20GEOID 3620 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.309500K: 0.312 | 0.745500K: 0.745 | 67.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 384.211 km2,575 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 99GEOID 09099 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.309500K: 0.331 | 0.715500K: 0.705 | 43.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.7% | 33.899 km586 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 20GEOID 05020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.309500K: 0.323 | 0.748500K: 0.748 | 43.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.5% | 55.755 km1,363 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 65GEOID 27065 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.309500K: 0.312 | 0.735500K: 0.734 | 48.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 39.123 km566 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 147GEOID 42147 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.309500K: 0.315 | 0.708500K: 0.708 | 43.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 99.979 km1,280 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · State Senate District 16GEOID 55016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.309500K: 0.317 | 0.794500K: 0.794 | 48.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 286.177 km3,242 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 36GEOID 05036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.309500K: 0.312 | 0.687500K: 0.688 | 43.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 148.257 km1,598 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 42GEOID 13042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.309500K: 0.327 | 0.782500K: 0.783 | 44.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.5% | 45.557 km1,024 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 3GEOID 19003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.309500K: 0.358 | 0.791500K: 0.793 | 44.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 13.5% | 296.642 km6,568 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 6GEOID 13006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.309500K: 0.326 | 0.824500K: 0.824 | 48.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 328.917 km5,949 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 69GEOID 05069 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.309500K: 0.325 | 0.733500K: 0.733 | 44.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.7% | 141.875 km2,733 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 73GEOID 51073 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.309500K: 0.318 | 0.784500K: 0.784 | 44.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 127.761 km2,825 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 106GEOID 17106 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.310500K: 0.311 | 0.689500K: 0.689 | 44.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 541.638 km4,938 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 104GEOID 09104 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.310500K: 0.329 | 0.722500K: 0.723 | 44.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.7% | 27.606 km669 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 42GEOID 53042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.310500K: 0.274 | 0.890500K: 0.839 | 48.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.5% | 498.481 km2,583 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 42GEOID 53042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.310500K: 0.274 | 0.890500K: 0.839 | 44.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.5% | 498.481 km2,583 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 101GEOID 29101 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.310500K: 0.319 | 0.720500K: 0.719 | 44.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 52.685 km965 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 35GEOID 08035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.310500K: 0.320 | 0.721500K: 0.720 | 44.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 40.728 km960 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State Senate District 14GEOID 29014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.310500K: 0.322 | 0.778500K: 0.779 | 48.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 91.699 km1,906 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features