Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 3,901–4,000 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ND · State Senate District 26GEOID 38026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.334500K: 0.335 | 0.749500K: 0.749 | 56.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 617.963 km4,220 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State House District 26GEOID 38026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.334500K: 0.335 | 0.749500K: 0.749 | 51.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 617.963 km4,220 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 42GEOID 20042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.334500K: 0.342 | 0.831500K: 0.832 | 51.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 173.305 km2,378 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 96GEOID 29096 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.334500K: 0.347 | 0.778500K: 0.777 | 51.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 48.072 km1,252 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 66GEOID 29066 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.334500K: 0.340 | 0.710500K: 0.711 | 51.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 50.928 km826 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Windham-Windsor-Bennington State House DistrictGEOID 50WWB · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.334500K: 0.336 | 0.687500K: 0.687 | 51.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 118.762 km625 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 55GEOID 29055 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.334500K: 0.339 | 0.846500K: 0.847 | 51.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 152.871 km1,250 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 2GEOID 44002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.334500K: 0.342 | 0.670500K: 0.672 | 51.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 13.524 km359 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 22GEOID 09022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.334500K: 0.352 | 0.748500K: 0.747 | 51.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.9% | 42.72 km845 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 88GEOID 45088 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.334500K: 0.340 | 0.752500K: 0.753 | 51.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 78.257 km1,560 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 24GEOID 42024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.334500K: 0.337 | 0.810500K: 0.810 | 56.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 184.565 km2,200 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 100GEOID 45100 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.334500K: 0.353 | 0.720500K: 0.720 | 51.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.4% | 139.763 km3,220 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 2GEOID 42002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.334500K: 0.343 | 0.852500K: 0.854 | 51.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 100.059 km1,479 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 17GEOID 40017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.335500K: 0.336 | 0.735500K: 0.735 | 56.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 265.175 km3,691 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 7GEOID 30007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.412 | 0.819500K: 0.824 | 51.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 18.8% | 18.034 km644 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 19AGEOID 2719A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.335 | 0.690500K: 0.690 | 51.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 237.767 km1,609 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 54GEOID 30054 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.340 | 0.797500K: 0.797 | 51.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 137.23 km2,262 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 3GEOID 22003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.344 | 0.732500K: 0.732 | 51.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 45.892 km618 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 83GEOID 20083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.340 | 0.666500K: 0.666 | 51.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 22.953 km296 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 9AGEOID 2709A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.356 | 0.731500K: 0.731 | 51.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.0% | 498.056 km10,883 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 109GEOID 12109 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.342 | 0.726500K: 0.726 | 51.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 50.774 km745 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 75GEOID 21075 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.344 | 0.773500K: 0.773 | 51.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 32.493 km471 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 6GEOID 48006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.363 | 0.807500K: 0.808 | 51.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.9% | 215.157 km5,064 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 25GEOID 30025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.343 | 0.826500K: 0.826 | 51.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 371.457 km4,293 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 5GEOID 37005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.335500K: 0.365 | 0.871500K: 0.871 | 56.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.2% | 336.111 km9,861 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State Senate District 18GEOID 26018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.335500K: 0.336 | 0.709500K: 0.710 | 56.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 392.592 km1,573 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 44AGEOID 2744A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.340 | 0.722500K: 0.722 | 51.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 40.032 km616 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 46GEOID 05046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.336 | 0.769500K: 0.769 | 51.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 310.545 km2,168 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 30GEOID 05030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.339 | 0.793500K: 0.793 | 51.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 184.189 km2,208 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 52GEOID 09052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.336 | 0.797500K: 0.798 | 51.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 119.962 km1,141 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 81GEOID 17081 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.340 | 0.745500K: 0.745 | 51.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 54.299 km1,027 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 8GEOID 23008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.345 | 0.768500K: 0.768 | 51.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 438.855 km3,046 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 105GEOID 28105 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.341 | 0.796500K: 0.796 | 51.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 345.657 km4,390 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 121GEOID 23121 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.366 | 0.677500K: 0.679 | 51.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.5% | 21.607 km574 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State Senate District 14GEOID 38014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.335500K: 0.341 | 0.693500K: 0.693 | 56.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 808.521 km5,402 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State House District 14GEOID 38014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.335500K: 0.341 | 0.693500K: 0.693 | 51.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 808.521 km5,402 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 46GEOID 36046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.335500K: 0.337 | 0.684500K: 0.684 | 56.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 320.83 km1,888 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 38GEOID 24038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.335500K: 0.168 | 0.860500K: 0.801 | 56.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 50.1% | 378.304 km3,777 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 49GEOID 37049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.335500K: 0.354 | 0.824500K: 0.825 | 56.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.3% | 167.283 km5,193 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 68GEOID 21068 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.336500K: 0.355 | 0.756500K: 0.757 | 51.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.6% | 99.93 km2,307 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 5GEOID 42005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.336500K: 0.344 | 0.797500K: 0.797 | 51.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 155.864 km2,919 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 17GEOID 21017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.336500K: 0.342 | 0.830500K: 0.831 | 51.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 123.922 km3,759 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 1GEOID 09001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.336500K: 0.352 | 0.743500K: 0.750 | 51.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.7% | 14.85 km389 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · Assembly District 24GEOID 32024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.336500K: 0.344 | 0.691500K: 0.692 | 51.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 37.885 km778 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · State Senate District 6GEOID 34006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.336500K: 0.359 | 0.806500K: 0.808 | 56.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.5% | 83.795 km3,521 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · Assembly District 06GEOID 34006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.336500K: 0.359 | 0.806500K: 0.808 | 51.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.5% | 83.795 km3,521 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 45GEOID 22045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.336500K: 0.342 | 0.763500K: 0.764 | 51.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 39.388 km736 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State Senate District 33GEOID 29033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.336500K: 0.336 | 0.710500K: 0.710 | 56.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 752.418 km4,239 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · State Senate District 16GEOID 32016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.336500K: 0.343 | 0.735500K: 0.735 | 56.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 272.907 km3,400 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 75GEOID 45075 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.336500K: 0.343 | 0.740500K: 0.740 | 51.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 39.03 km1,262 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 99GEOID 42099 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.336500K: 0.349 | 0.749500K: 0.749 | 51.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 129.168 km3,586 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Essex-Caledonia State House DistrictGEOID 50E-C · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.336500K: 0.349 | 0.805500K: 0.806 | 51.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 192.348 km2,070 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · State Senate District 28GEOID 06028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.336500K: 0.343 | 0.783500K: 0.784 | 56.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 83.179 km1,363 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 6GEOID 27006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.336500K: 0.337 | 0.701500K: 0.701 | 56.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 406.113 km3,375 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 59GEOID 56059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.336500K: 0.362 | 0.777500K: 0.778 | 51.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.1% | 28.887 km731 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 12BGEOID 2712B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.336500K: 0.338 | 0.643500K: 0.643 | 51.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 239.469 km2,246 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 61GEOID 22061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.336500K: 0.340 | 0.750500K: 0.751 | 51.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 37.109 km1,032 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 100GEOID 42100 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.336500K: 0.357 | 0.869500K: 0.870 | 51.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.6% | 173 km5,951 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 93GEOID 26093 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.339 | 0.782500K: 0.782 | 51.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 337.355 km1,259 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 83GEOID 48083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.337 | 0.730500K: 0.730 | 51.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 970.548 km4,070 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 37GEOID 22037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.356 | 0.859500K: 0.859 | 51.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.5% | 275.811 km2,753 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 21GEOID 40021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.337500K: 0.338 | 0.833500K: 0.833 | 57.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 246.663 km1,967 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 90GEOID 26090 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.340 | 0.702500K: 0.702 | 52.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 170.9 km959 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 183GEOID 42183 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.341 | 0.760500K: 0.760 | 52.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 109.387 km1,177 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 30GEOID 13030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.337500K: 0.348 | 0.877500K: 0.877 | 57.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 254.659 km3,243 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 53GEOID 06053 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.341 | 0.763500K: 0.764 | 52.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 99.036 km1,727 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · State Senate District 28GEOID 55028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.337500K: 0.349 | 0.793500K: 0.793 | 57.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 152.796 km2,045 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 36GEOID 55036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.351 | 0.841500K: 0.842 | 52.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.0% | 568.578 km7,115 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 45GEOID 48045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.340 | 0.741500K: 0.741 | 52.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 174.104 km1,674 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 9GEOID 19009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.339 | 0.693500K: 0.693 | 52.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 384.518 km2,787 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Washington-Orange State House DistrictGEOID 50WAO · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.342 | 0.831500K: 0.832 | 52.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 57.991 km589 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State Senate District 18GEOID 47018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.337500K: 0.341 | 0.756500K: 0.756 | 57.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 252.618 km3,992 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 87GEOID 40087 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.338 | 0.650500K: 0.651 | 52.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 29.734 km605 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 54GEOID 36054 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.343 | 0.676500K: 0.674 | 52.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 16.736 km227 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · State Senate District 9GEOID 32009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.337500K: 0.338 | 0.747500K: 0.747 | 57.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 57.096 km1,041 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 66BGEOID 2766B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.345 | 0.733500K: 0.734 | 52.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 22.986 km373 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 10GEOID 40010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.337500K: 0.339 | 0.784500K: 0.783 | 57.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 529.421 km4,963 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 12GEOID 40012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.350 | 0.760500K: 0.760 | 52.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 196.467 km3,045 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 47GEOID 42047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.352 | 0.802500K: 0.803 | 52.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 98.014 km2,118 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 12GEOID 51012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.337500K: 0.358 | 0.771500K: 0.772 | 52.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.8% | 41.685 km1,100 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Congressional District 14GEOID 3614 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.337500K: 0.181 | 0.801500K: 0.682 | 71.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 46.4% | 67.098 km755 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 5GEOID 28005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.337500K: 0.358 | 0.755500K: 0.755 | 57.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.7% | 330.298 km6,852 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 78GEOID 17078 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.344 | 0.792500K: 0.792 | 52.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 32.674 km1,173 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 9GEOID 51009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.347 | 0.749500K: 0.749 | 52.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 63.515 km2,328 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 38GEOID 18038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.340 | 0.771500K: 0.771 | 52.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 314.031 km3,042 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative Subdistrict 42AGEOID 2442A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.350 | 0.792500K: 0.792 | 52.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 148.217 km3,908 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 28GEOID 18028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.343 | 0.738500K: 0.738 | 52.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 216.341 km1,881 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative Subdistrict 34BGEOID 2434B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.370 | 0.763500K: 0.763 | 52.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.6% | 41.563 km1,006 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative Subdistrict 27CGEOID 2427C · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.375 | 0.865500K: 0.818 | 52.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.8% | 146.667 km4,164 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 155GEOID 42155 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.346 | 0.794500K: 0.794 | 52.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 78.064 km1,423 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 19GEOID 08019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.344 | 0.818500K: 0.818 | 52.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 118.657 km1,240 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 59GEOID 49059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.348 | 0.786500K: 0.786 | 52.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 346.426 km9,180 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 47GEOID 20047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.339 | 0.741500K: 0.741 | 52.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 262.105 km2,399 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 94GEOID 09094 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.346 | 0.683500K: 0.683 | 52.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 16.258 km410 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State Senate District 46GEOID 45046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.338500K: 0.321 | 0.859500K: 0.837 | 57.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.0% | 174.144 km1,977 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 7GEOID 41007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.354 | 0.756500K: 0.757 | 52.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.5% | 54.534 km1,390 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State Senate District 6GEOID 08006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.338500K: 0.341 | 0.844500K: 0.844 | 57.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 1,323.49 km8,793 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State Senate District 44GEOID 18044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.338500K: 0.343 | 0.747500K: 0.747 | 57.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 416.752 km4,454 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 15GEOID 23015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.021 | 0.777500K: 0.241 | 52.5middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 93.9% | 265.558 km1,078 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 17GEOID 22017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.338500K: 0.351 | 0.770500K: 0.771 | 52.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 89.147 km2,746 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features