Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 4,501–4,600 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ND · State Senate District 39GEOID 38039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.364500K: 0.367 | 0.815500K: 0.815 | 64.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 798.286 km5,998 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State House District 39GEOID 38039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.364500K: 0.367 | 0.815500K: 0.815 | 59.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 798.286 km5,998 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 51GEOID 26051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.364500K: 0.366 | 0.781500K: 0.781 | 59.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 110.836 km1,155 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 36GEOID 24036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.365500K: 0.164 | 0.860500K: 0.783 | 64.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 55.1% | 340.094 km4,224 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative District 36GEOID 24036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.164 | 0.860500K: 0.783 | 59.5middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 55.1% | 340.094 km4,224 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 16GEOID 42016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.372 | 0.833500K: 0.833 | 59.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 69.596 km761 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 78GEOID 05078 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.368 | 0.751500K: 0.751 | 59.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 146.932 km2,081 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State House District 32GEOID 15032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.377 | 0.754500K: 0.754 | 59.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 43.332 km913 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 67GEOID 09067 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.374 | 0.706500K: 0.706 | 59.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 66.482 km1,156 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 8GEOID 39008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.374 | 0.764500K: 0.763 | 59.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 51.237 km806 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State Senate District 10GEOID 15010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.365500K: 0.375 | 0.719500K: 0.718 | 64.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 25.604 km563 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative Subdistrict 43AGEOID 2443A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.387 | 0.833500K: 0.832 | 59.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.6% | 27.591 km862 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · First Essex and Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25D21 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.365500K: 0.255 | 0.761500K: 0.681 | 65.0middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 30.2% | 207.614 km3,164 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 30th Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25088 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.376 | 0.711500K: 0.710 | 59.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 34.495 km673 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Merrimack 09GEOID 33609 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.365 | 0.661500K: 0.661 | 59.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 80.966 km441 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 110GEOID 42110 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.366 | 0.695500K: 0.695 | 59.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 295.978 km1,344 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Representative District 1GEOID 10001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.375 | 0.799500K: 0.802 | 59.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 14.8 km565 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · State Senate District 9GEOID 34009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.365500K: 0.502 | 0.792500K: 0.836 | 65.0middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 27.2% | 241.133 km3,772 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · Assembly District 09GEOID 34009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.502 | 0.792500K: 0.836 | 59.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 27.2% | 241.133 km3,772 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 40GEOID 54040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.376 | 0.833500K: 0.833 | 59.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 232.849 km3,786 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State Senate District 12GEOID 39012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.365500K: 0.365 | 0.775500K: 0.775 | 65.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 493.34 km3,429 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 6th Norfolk DistrictGEOID 25101 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.384 | 0.812500K: 0.812 | 59.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.9% | 52.048 km1,417 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 37GEOID 01037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.368 | 0.852500K: 0.852 | 59.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 317.174 km2,600 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State Senate District 9GEOID 49009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.365500K: 0.373 | 0.786500K: 0.786 | 65.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 94.998 km1,888 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State House District 16GEOID 15016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.365500K: 0.329 | 0.803500K: 0.798 | 59.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 10.0% | 112.729 km2,148 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AK · State House District 40GEOID 02040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.366500K: 0.171 | 0.805500K: 0.765 | 59.9middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 53.2% | 3,459.87 km2,332 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State Senate District 25GEOID 12025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.366500K: 0.381 | 0.840500K: 0.840 | 65.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 375.029 km6,090 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State Senate District 23GEOID 56023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.366500K: 0.379 | 0.927500K: 0.928 | 65.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 478.946 km5,795 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 75GEOID 47075 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.366500K: 0.369 | 0.785500K: 0.785 | 59.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 144.549 km2,111 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 37GEOID 12037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.366500K: 0.373 | 0.779500K: 0.779 | 59.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 103.613 km1,523 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 9GEOID 56009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.366500K: 0.382 | 0.767500K: 0.768 | 59.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 13.666 km304 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 50GEOID 37050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.366500K: 0.370 | 0.699500K: 0.699 | 60.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 262.216 km2,410 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 55GEOID 30055 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.366500K: 0.367 | 0.802500K: 0.802 | 60.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 427.608 km2,708 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · State Senate District 5GEOID 32005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.366500K: 0.368 | 0.728500K: 0.728 | 65.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 59.034 km1,199 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 5th Worcester DistrictGEOID 25146 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.366500K: 0.372 | 0.740500K: 0.740 | 60.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 158.628 km2,043 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 28GEOID 49028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.366500K: 0.377 | 0.799500K: 0.799 | 60.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 96.689 km2,281 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 52GEOID 22052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.366500K: 0.379 | 0.826500K: 0.827 | 60.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 78.263 km781 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State Senate District 3GEOID 04003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.366500K: 0.375 | 0.837500K: 0.837 | 65.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 363.823 km4,208 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State House District 3GEOID 04003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.366500K: 0.375 | 0.837500K: 0.837 | 60.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 363.823 km4,208 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 45GEOID 37045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.366500K: 0.376 | 0.828500K: 0.827 | 60.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 67.272 km1,518 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 124GEOID 45124 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.367500K: 0.382 | 0.698500K: 0.710 | 60.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 104.809 km1,479 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 52GEOID 56052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.367500K: 0.381 | 0.895500K: 0.895 | 60.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 442.614 km5,225 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 63GEOID 47063 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.367500K: 0.376 | 0.861500K: 0.861 | 60.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 124.054 km2,172 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 56GEOID 49056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.367500K: 0.378 | 0.759500K: 0.759 | 60.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 35.856 km442 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State Senate District 17GEOID 49017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.367500K: 0.375 | 0.736500K: 0.736 | 65.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 55.071 km991 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State Senate District 31GEOID 09031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.367500K: 0.375 | 0.721500K: 0.721 | 65.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 90.56 km1,436 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 45GEOID 35045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.367500K: 0.370 | 0.716500K: 0.716 | 60.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 33.417 km727 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 121GEOID 36121 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.367500K: 0.374 | 0.796500K: 0.796 | 60.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 403.413 km2,458 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 23GEOID 12023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.367500K: 0.407 | 0.701500K: 0.794 | 60.2middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 9.8% | 317.013 km2,802 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NE · State Senate District 41GEOID 31041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.367500K: 0.368 | 0.753500K: 0.753 | 65.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 654.778 km4,164 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 46GEOID 54046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.367500K: 0.385 | 0.833500K: 0.833 | 60.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.6% | 250.631 km4,684 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 95GEOID 23095 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.367500K: 0.382 | 0.701500K: 0.707 | 60.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 15.907 km345 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 28GEOID 42028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.367500K: 0.382 | 0.871500K: 0.872 | 65.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 231.299 km5,179 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State Senate District 18GEOID 21018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.367500K: 0.388 | 0.808500K: 0.808 | 65.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.5% | 355.108 km8,641 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 37th Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25095 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.367500K: 0.375 | 0.756500K: 0.756 | 60.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 87.059 km1,344 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 84GEOID 29084 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.367500K: 0.385 | 0.812500K: 0.813 | 60.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.7% | 28.648 km670 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 41GEOID 42041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.368500K: 0.375 | 0.826500K: 0.826 | 65.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 434.235 km8,025 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 68GEOID 23068 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.368 | 0.722500K: 0.721 | 60.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 122.797 km1,149 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 119GEOID 23119 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.082 | 0.743500K: 0.197 | 60.3middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 77.6% | 80.031 km577 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 45GEOID 40045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.368500K: 0.368 | 0.750500K: 0.750 | 65.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 80.884 km903 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 57GEOID 47057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.380 | 0.869500K: 0.870 | 60.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 100.662 km2,468 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| FL · State House District 86GEOID 12086 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.357 | 0.771500K: 0.746 | 60.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 256.667 km1,333 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 171GEOID 13171 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.384 | 0.830500K: 0.830 | 60.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 353.873 km6,749 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 73GEOID 45073 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.374 | 0.798500K: 0.799 | 60.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 88.494 km2,211 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 120GEOID 37120 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.382 | 0.876500K: 0.876 | 60.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 365.416 km8,924 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State Senate District 14GEOID 44014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.368500K: 0.400 | 0.748500K: 0.749 | 65.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.0% | 23.521 km514 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State Senate District 3GEOID 20003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.368500K: 0.370 | 0.816500K: 0.816 | 65.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 342.233 km2,738 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State Senate District 33GEOID 47033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.368500K: 0.371 | 0.768500K: 0.769 | 65.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 88.929 km2,191 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 11GEOID 36011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.377 | 0.747500K: 0.748 | 60.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 51.369 km618 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 26GEOID 29026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.373 | 0.789500K: 0.789 | 60.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 40.072 km507 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 12th Worcester DistrictGEOID 25153 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.374 | 0.718500K: 0.718 | 60.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 96.723 km1,226 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 40GEOID 37040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.382 | 0.720500K: 0.720 | 60.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 60.488 km2,241 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 60GEOID 40060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.370 | 0.782500K: 0.782 | 60.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 111.451 km854 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 52GEOID 30052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.388 | 0.781500K: 0.782 | 60.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 44.836 km1,078 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 31GEOID 23031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.372 | 0.751500K: 0.751 | 60.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 168.727 km1,597 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 16GEOID 35016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.375 | 0.681500K: 0.680 | 60.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 25.526 km388 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 7BGEOID 2707B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.368500K: 0.369 | 0.749500K: 0.749 | 60.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 386.224 km2,494 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 42GEOID 17042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.384 | 0.781500K: 0.781 | 60.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 52.263 km1,210 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Congressional District 15GEOID 0615 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.369500K: 0.221 | 0.815500K: 0.641 | 75.7middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 40.1% | 142.042 km1,831 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 82GEOID 09082 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.371 | 0.741500K: 0.742 | 60.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 34.739 km486 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · Congressional District 27GEOID 4827 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.369500K: 0.118 | 0.819500K: 0.773 | 75.9middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 68.0% | 1,015.759 km10,544 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 38GEOID 41038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.382 | 0.728500K: 0.730 | 60.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 42.953 km723 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Windsor Senatorial DistrictGEOID 50WSR · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.369500K: 0.373 | 0.740500K: 0.739 | 65.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 294.526 km2,729 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 160GEOID 13160 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.410 | 0.885500K: 0.885 | 60.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 10.0% | 209.979 km6,096 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State Senate District 4GEOID 46004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.369500K: 0.369 | 0.790500K: 0.790 | 65.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 550.778 km10,986 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| SD · State House District 4GEOID 46004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.369 | 0.790500K: 0.790 | 60.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 550.778 km10,986 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| DE · State Representative District 4GEOID 10004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.419 | 0.833500K: 0.834 | 60.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.9% | 67.806 km2,300 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 44GEOID 08044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.379 | 0.824500K: 0.825 | 60.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 74.144 km1,369 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 121GEOID 28121 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.326 | 0.745500K: 0.752 | 60.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.5% | 122.306 km1,033 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 38GEOID 40038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.370 | 0.753500K: 0.753 | 60.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 517.154 km5,114 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 24GEOID 29024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.395 | 0.799500K: 0.804 | 60.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.7% | 23.358 km383 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 162GEOID 42162 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.389 | 0.725500K: 0.728 | 60.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.2% | 30.16 km1,053 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 29GEOID 55029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.370 | 0.794500K: 0.794 | 60.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 401.906 km2,426 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 109GEOID 09109 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.392 | 0.776500K: 0.776 | 60.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.0% | 26.707 km911 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 26GEOID 40026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.369500K: 0.374 | 0.680500K: 0.680 | 66.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 617.745 km7,219 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Congressional District (at Large)GEOID 5000 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.369500K: 0.384 | 0.825500K: 0.825 | 76.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 919.816 km12,118 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 52GEOID 41052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.378 | 0.759500K: 0.760 | 60.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 328.591 km3,023 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · State Senate District 2GEOID 32002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.369500K: 0.372 | 0.811500K: 0.811 | 66.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 43.205 km910 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 82GEOID 21082 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.369500K: 0.391 | 0.822500K: 0.822 | 60.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.5% | 206.24 km3,953 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 32GEOID 42032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.369500K: 0.376 | 0.864500K: 0.864 | 66.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 505.106 km6,766 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features