Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 501–600 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA · State Senate District 12GEOID 06012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.156500K: 0.158 | 0.702500K: 0.702 | 7.7lower decile | stablePP difference 1.5% | 1,651.545 km16,672 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 1GEOID 17001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.156500K: 0.156 | 0.520500K: 0.520 | 5.6lower decile | stablePP difference 0.4% | 48.684 km1,439 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 3GEOID 48003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.156500K: 0.167 | 0.558500K: 0.559 | 5.7lower decile | stablePP difference 6.9% | 270.77 km4,958 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State Senate District 28GEOID 39028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.156500K: 0.166 | 0.732500K: 0.732 | 7.7lower decile | stablePP difference 6.1% | 213.92 km3,403 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · Congressional District 1GEOID 4801 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.156500K: 0.174 | 0.695500K: 0.695 | 17.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 10.3% | 1,434.186 km25,187 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 72GEOID 54072 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.156500K: 0.163 | 0.568500K: 0.568 | 5.7lower decile | stablePP difference 4.1% | 247.768 km6,241 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 11GEOID 47011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.156500K: 0.180 | 0.701500K: 0.701 | 5.7lower decile | stablePP difference 13.0% | 367.591 km10,047 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 55GEOID 21055 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.156500K: 0.160 | 0.772500K: 0.772 | 5.7lower decile | stablePP difference 2.2% | 362.025 km4,811 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 58GEOID 22058 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.156500K: 0.165 | 0.609500K: 0.609 | 5.8lower decile | stablePP difference 5.4% | 299.31 km5,121 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · Congressional District 1GEOID 3301 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.156500K: 0.168 | 0.574500K: 0.571 | 17.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.8% | 695.175 km9,315 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 59GEOID 45059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.157500K: 0.161 | 0.542500K: 0.542 | 5.8lower decile | stablePP difference 3.1% | 270.028 km5,212 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 88GEOID 54088 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.157500K: 0.162 | 0.612500K: 0.612 | 5.8lower decile | stablePP difference 3.5% | 310.623 km7,043 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 1GEOID 17001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.157500K: 0.158 | 0.532500K: 0.532 | 7.8lower decile | stablePP difference 0.4% | 71.833 km2,261 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · Congressional District 3GEOID 2903 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.157500K: 0.159 | 0.637500K: 0.637 | 17.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.1% | 1,262.594 km14,746 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 76GEOID 21076 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.157500K: 0.164 | 0.626500K: 0.627 | 5.8lower decile | stablePP difference 4.3% | 55.03 km1,263 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State Senate District 8GEOID 30008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.157500K: 0.162 | 0.649500K: 0.649 | 7.8lower decile | stablePP difference 2.9% | 1,027.264 km15,336 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 87GEOID 22087 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.157500K: 0.159 | 0.455500K: 0.455 | 5.8lower decile | stablePP difference 0.9% | 62.88 km605 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 138GEOID 48138 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.157500K: 0.164 | 0.570500K: 0.570 | 5.8lower decile | stablePP difference 4.1% | 118.614 km2,070 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 80GEOID 19080 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.157500K: 0.165 | 0.704500K: 0.704 | 5.9lower decile | stablePP difference 4.6% | 68.794 km943 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 2nd Hampshire DistrictGEOID 25057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.157500K: 0.161 | 0.513500K: 0.513 | 5.9lower decile | stablePP difference 2.3% | 120.399 km1,972 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 89GEOID 36089 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.157500K: 0.172 | 0.516500K: 0.516 | 5.9lower decile | stablePP difference 8.3% | 41.014 km1,088 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State Senate District 35GEOID 21035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.158500K: 0.164 | 0.610500K: 0.610 | 7.9lower decile | stablePP difference 3.8% | 96.129 km1,950 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State Senate District 3GEOID 21003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.158500K: 0.166 | 0.616500K: 0.616 | 7.9lower decile | stablePP difference 5.0% | 565.287 km6,950 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · State Senate District 33GEOID 06033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.158500K: 0.082 | 0.345500K: 0.153 | 8.0lower decile | resolution sensitivePP difference 48.4% | 375.437 km3,168 vertices · 3 parts · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 142GEOID 48142 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.158500K: 0.162 | 0.555500K: 0.555 | 5.9lower decile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 149.693 km2,353 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State Senate District 29GEOID 21029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.158500K: 0.168 | 0.635500K: 0.635 | 8.0lower decile | stablePP difference 5.9% | 627.515 km12,286 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State Senate District 36GEOID 22036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.158500K: 0.171 | 0.784500K: 0.784 | 8.1lower decile | stablePP difference 7.5% | 490.147 km10,037 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 29GEOID 01029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.159500K: 0.163 | 0.609500K: 0.609 | 6.0lower decile | stablePP difference 2.6% | 313.919 km4,613 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 69GEOID 35069 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.159500K: 0.160 | 0.567500K: 0.567 | 6.0lower decile | stablePP difference 1.0% | 1,050.407 km9,309 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 105GEOID 37105 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.159500K: 0.163 | 0.651500K: 0.651 | 6.0lower decile | stablePP difference 2.7% | 111.605 km3,533 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 2GEOID 24002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.159500K: 0.167 | 0.602500K: 0.602 | 8.1lower decile | stablePP difference 4.9% | 265.386 km5,568 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State Senate District 12GEOID 01012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.159500K: 0.160 | 0.622500K: 0.623 | 8.2lower decile | stablePP difference 1.1% | 450.683 km4,552 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · Norfolk and Plymouth DistrictGEOID 25D32 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.159500K: 0.128 | 0.529500K: 0.488 | 8.2lower decile | stablePP difference 19.3% | 123.209 km3,147 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State Senate District 24GEOID 29024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.159500K: 0.167 | 0.626500K: 0.626 | 8.3lower decile | stablePP difference 4.7% | 146.789 km3,123 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 85GEOID 13085 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.159500K: 0.169 | 0.549500K: 0.550 | 6.0lower decile | stablePP difference 5.6% | 57.924 km1,513 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Chittenden Central Senatorial DistrictGEOID 50CHC · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.159500K: 0.166 | 0.584500K: 0.585 | 8.3lower decile | stablePP difference 4.0% | 72.563 km2,187 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 65GEOID 48065 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.159500K: 0.163 | 0.559500K: 0.559 | 6.0lower decile | stablePP difference 2.1% | 176.185 km3,541 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 108GEOID 20108 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.160500K: 0.163 | 0.472500K: 0.474 | 6.1lower decile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 36.68 km640 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 176GEOID 13176 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.160500K: 0.169 | 0.542500K: 0.541 | 6.1lower decile | stablePP difference 5.3% | 452.071 km5,612 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · Congressional District 6GEOID 1706 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.160500K: 0.163 | 0.654500K: 0.654 | 17.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 216.096 km5,256 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 46GEOID 17046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.160500K: 0.162 | 0.467500K: 0.467 | 8.4lower decile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 249.79 km3,829 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State Senate District 39GEOID 35039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.160500K: 0.163 | 0.656500K: 0.656 | 8.4lower decile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 1,007.127 km14,411 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · Congressional District 1GEOID 2301 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.160500K: 0.048 | 0.574500K: 0.444 | 17.9lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 69.9% | 1,017.927 km10,940 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 55GEOID 56055 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.160500K: 0.173 | 0.557500K: 0.562 | 6.1lower decile | stablePP difference 7.4% | 45.716 km1,011 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| VA · State Senate District 15GEOID 51015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.160500K: 0.179 | 0.599500K: 0.599 | 8.5lower decile | stablePP difference 10.2% | 168.323 km12,496 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 127GEOID 36127 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.161500K: 0.173 | 0.602500K: 0.602 | 6.1lower decile | stablePP difference 7.2% | 200.811 km3,511 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 17GEOID 36017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.161500K: 0.164 | 0.606500K: 0.602 | 8.5lower decile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 35.293 km386 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State Senate District 32GEOID 08032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.161500K: 0.166 | 0.656500K: 0.656 | 8.6lower decile | stablePP difference 3.1% | 70.613 km1,313 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 34GEOID 17034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.161500K: 0.162 | 0.496500K: 0.496 | 6.1lower decile | stablePP difference 0.8% | 243.165 km3,514 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State Senate District 9GEOID 22009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.161500K: 0.167 | 0.630500K: 0.630 | 8.6lower decile | stablePP difference 4.0% | 64.796 km828 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 61GEOID 05061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.161500K: 0.163 | 0.728500K: 0.728 | 6.2lower decile | stablePP difference 1.2% | 623.331 km9,691 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State Senate District 22GEOID 22022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.161500K: 0.130 | 0.562500K: 0.490 | 8.7lower decile | resolution sensitivePP difference 19.4% | 521.126 km3,453 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 21GEOID 19021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.161500K: 0.170 | 0.712500K: 0.713 | 8.7lower decile | stablePP difference 5.3% | 78.574 km987 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · Congressional District 14GEOID 4814 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.161500K: 0.096 | 0.561500K: 0.490 | 18.2lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 40.6% | 837.84 km12,663 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State Senate District 33GEOID 22033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.161500K: 0.170 | 0.844500K: 0.844 | 8.8lower decile | stablePP difference 5.2% | 817.689 km17,275 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 64GEOID 21064 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.161500K: 0.169 | 0.624500K: 0.624 | 6.2lower decile | stablePP difference 4.4% | 84.043 km2,422 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Congressional District 44GEOID 0644 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.161500K: 0.157 | 0.638500K: 0.638 | 18.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.0% | 153.408 km2,562 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 48GEOID 22048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.161500K: 0.166 | 0.590500K: 0.590 | 6.2lower decile | stablePP difference 2.6% | 175.383 km2,217 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 11GEOID 17011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.162500K: 0.163 | 0.585500K: 0.585 | 8.8lower decile | stablePP difference 1.1% | 82.633 km2,719 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 91GEOID 51091 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.162500K: 0.168 | 0.624500K: 0.625 | 6.2lower decile | stablePP difference 3.7% | 89.533 km1,769 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State House District 38GEOID 15038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.162500K: 0.199 | 0.700500K: 0.702 | 6.2lower decile | stablePP difference 18.9% | 50.604 km1,630 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 28GEOID 16028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.162500K: 0.164 | 0.613500K: 0.613 | 8.9lower decile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 770.981 km8,197 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| ID · State House District 28GEOID 16028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.162500K: 0.164 | 0.613500K: 0.613 | 6.3lower decile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 770.981 km8,197 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| WV · State Senate District 2GEOID 54002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.162500K: 0.168 | 0.582500K: 0.582 | 8.9lower decile | stablePP difference 3.5% | 551.389 km11,223 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 23GEOID 36023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.162500K: 0.098 | 0.564500K: 0.383 | 9.0lower decile | resolution sensitivePP difference 39.7% | 79.929 km683 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · Congressional District 9GEOID 3409 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.162500K: 0.169 | 0.559500K: 0.559 | 18.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.0% | 153.719 km4,716 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 69GEOID 39069 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.162500K: 0.165 | 0.599500K: 0.599 | 6.3lower decile | stablePP difference 1.9% | 443.686 km5,095 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 28GEOID 13028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.162500K: 0.168 | 0.688500K: 0.688 | 9.0lower decile | stablePP difference 3.4% | 208.166 km4,577 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · Congressional District 2GEOID 3302 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.162500K: 0.170 | 0.738500K: 0.738 | 18.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.6% | 1,181.799 km17,523 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 84GEOID 22084 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.162500K: 0.163 | 0.615500K: 0.574 | 6.3lower decile | stablePP difference 0.6% | 283.23 km2,203 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PR · State House District 6GEOID 72006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.162500K: 0.221 | 0.654500K: 0.646 | 6.3lower decile | resolution sensitivePP difference 26.6% | 52.245 km2,781 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 16th Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25074 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.162500K: 0.165 | 0.506500K: 0.506 | 6.3lower decile | stablePP difference 1.8% | 46.67 km850 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 165GEOID 13165 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.162500K: 0.168 | 0.516500K: 0.517 | 6.4lower decile | stablePP difference 3.6% | 86.595 km1,051 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · Congressional District 9GEOID 3709 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.162500K: 0.175 | 0.677500K: 0.677 | 19.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 7.4% | 814.098 km22,730 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State Senate District 32GEOID 47032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.162500K: 0.169 | 0.697500K: 0.697 | 9.1lower decile | stablePP difference 3.9% | 470.532 km9,539 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| LA · State Senate District 7GEOID 22007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.162500K: 0.056 | 0.505500K: 0.382 | 9.2lower decile | resolution sensitivePP difference 65.5% | 584.373 km5,185 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 150GEOID 29150 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.162500K: 0.174 | 0.536500K: 0.536 | 6.4lower decile | stablePP difference 6.9% | 471.487 km7,070 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 79GEOID 19079 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.163500K: 0.172 | 0.664500K: 0.666 | 6.4lower decile | stablePP difference 5.3% | 44.759 km469 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Congressional District 25GEOID 0625 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.163500K: 0.165 | 0.606500K: 0.606 | 19.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.5% | 1,572.711 km15,220 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 35GEOID 13035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.163500K: 0.174 | 0.564500K: 0.564 | 9.2lower decile | stablePP difference 6.3% | 132.388 km4,249 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Congressional District 46GEOID 0646 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.163500K: 0.169 | 0.694500K: 0.695 | 19.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.5% | 122.465 km2,837 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State Senate District 33GEOID 08033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.163500K: 0.163 | 0.593500K: 0.593 | 9.3lower decile | stablePP difference 0.4% | 121.315 km1,171 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 15GEOID 37015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.163500K: 0.168 | 0.664500K: 0.665 | 9.3lower decile | stablePP difference 2.9% | 111.635 km3,861 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 41GEOID 21041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.164500K: 0.173 | 0.571500K: 0.572 | 6.4lower decile | stablePP difference 5.6% | 46 km1,351 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · Congressional District 22GEOID 4822 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.164500K: 0.167 | 0.651500K: 0.662 | 19.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.8% | 858.861 km10,638 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 63GEOID 21063 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.164500K: 0.173 | 0.552500K: 0.553 | 6.4lower decile | stablePP difference 5.4% | 82.461 km1,771 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · Congressional District 9GEOID 4809 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.164500K: 0.166 | 0.685500K: 0.684 | 20.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 209.092 km3,076 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State Senate District 15GEOID 01015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.164500K: 0.172 | 0.709500K: 0.709 | 9.3lower decile | stablePP difference 4.7% | 278.288 km6,850 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 102GEOID 01102 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.164500K: 0.170 | 0.640500K: 0.640 | 6.5lower decile | stablePP difference 3.5% | 377.575 km7,577 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 23GEOID 13023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.164500K: 0.172 | 0.697500K: 0.697 | 9.4lower decile | stablePP difference 4.8% | 907.138 km20,814 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 32GEOID 21032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.164500K: 0.171 | 0.575500K: 0.576 | 6.5lower decile | stablePP difference 4.0% | 52.88 km1,521 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 7GEOID 17007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.164500K: 0.187 | 0.624500K: 0.625 | 9.4lower decile | stablePP difference 12.3% | 40.349 km1,271 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 80GEOID 18080 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.164500K: 0.168 | 0.660500K: 0.660 | 6.5lower decile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 72.112 km1,077 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · Congressional District 2GEOID 4502 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.164500K: 0.177 | 0.721500K: 0.721 | 20.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 7.2% | 796.364 km22,659 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 38GEOID 28038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.164500K: 0.168 | 0.676500K: 0.676 | 6.5lower decile | stablePP difference 2.5% | 224.459 km4,575 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 4th Essex DistrictGEOID 25027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.164500K: 0.179 | 0.555500K: 0.557 | 6.5lower decile | stablePP difference 8.2% | 29.904 km804 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 27GEOID 42027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.164500K: 0.179 | 0.698500K: 0.700 | 6.6lower decile | stablePP difference 8.2% | 57.441 km2,006 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 41GEOID 51041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.165500K: 0.172 | 0.735500K: 0.735 | 6.6lower decile | stablePP difference 4.2% | 311.553 km7,851 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 137GEOID 13137 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.165500K: 0.169 | 0.567500K: 0.567 | 6.6lower decile | stablePP difference 2.7% | 376.575 km4,670 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 49GEOID 45049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.165500K: 0.171 | 0.544500K: 0.544 | 6.6lower decile | stablePP difference 3.6% | 117.983 km1,935 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features