Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 901–1,000 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD · Congressional District 2GEOID 2402 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.189500K: 0.182 | 0.724500K: 0.725 | 26.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 382.695 km12,481 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 72GEOID 01072 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.189500K: 0.197 | 0.747500K: 0.747 | 10.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.9% | 532.124 km6,719 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 7GEOID 24007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.189500K: 0.167 | 0.647500K: 0.625 | 14.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 11.8% | 185.615 km4,759 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 39GEOID 05039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.189500K: 0.192 | 0.687500K: 0.687 | 10.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 354.036 km6,541 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State Senate District 10GEOID 35010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.189500K: 0.196 | 0.591500K: 0.592 | 14.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.2% | 71.207 km1,096 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 61GEOID 08061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.190500K: 0.194 | 0.672500K: 0.673 | 10.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.5% | 70.528 km1,048 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 91GEOID 17091 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.190500K: 0.191 | 0.507500K: 0.507 | 10.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.8% | 210.773 km2,939 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Congressional District 19GEOID 3619 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.190500K: 0.193 | 0.675500K: 0.675 | 26.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 1,197.743 km12,239 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 48GEOID 06048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.190500K: 0.200 | 0.777500K: 0.777 | 10.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.9% | 121.704 km2,467 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Coos 01GEOID 33301 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.190500K: 0.197 | 0.546500K: 0.546 | 10.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.5% | 182.985 km2,190 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 64GEOID 29064 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.190500K: 0.200 | 0.715500K: 0.715 | 10.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.3% | 127.358 km2,401 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State Senate District 25GEOID 20025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.190500K: 0.192 | 0.618500K: 0.619 | 14.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.8% | 60.052 km824 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 117GEOID 20117 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.190500K: 0.193 | 0.596500K: 0.596 | 10.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.7% | 139.657 km1,939 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State House District 34GEOID 15034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.190500K: 0.214 | 0.670500K: 0.671 | 10.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 11.4% | 51.807 km1,407 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 38GEOID 17038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.190500K: 0.192 | 0.522500K: 0.522 | 14.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.9% | 411.985 km4,638 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 73GEOID 42073 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.190500K: 0.203 | 0.695500K: 0.695 | 10.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.5% | 388.037 km7,931 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 39GEOID 17039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.190500K: 0.194 | 0.614500K: 0.614 | 14.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.9% | 87.871 km2,639 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 70GEOID 22070 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.190500K: 0.193 | 0.551500K: 0.551 | 10.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 59.322 km1,476 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 51GEOID 28051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.190500K: 0.233 | 0.592500K: 0.575 | 14.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 18.3% | 261.912 km3,452 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AK · State Senate District AGEOID 0200A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.190500K: 0.008 | 0.533500K: 0.397 | 14.6lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 95.7% | 2,811.933 km4,372 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 67GEOID 47067 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.190500K: 0.195 | 0.650500K: 0.651 | 10.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.5% | 84.07 km1,628 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 22GEOID 22022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.190500K: 0.195 | 0.600500K: 0.600 | 10.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.3% | 432.707 km5,063 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 20GEOID 28020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.190500K: 0.199 | 0.770500K: 0.771 | 14.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.2% | 177.502 km2,814 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 75GEOID 01075 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.191500K: 0.203 | 0.659500K: 0.660 | 10.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.0% | 234.907 km6,371 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 109GEOID 48109 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.191500K: 0.194 | 0.750500K: 0.750 | 10.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.9% | 186.91 km2,254 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 24GEOID 48024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.191500K: 0.174 | 0.725500K: 0.690 | 10.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 8.9% | 197.454 km3,871 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 23GEOID 55023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.191500K: 0.204 | 0.648500K: 0.651 | 10.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.5% | 78.556 km4,495 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State Senate District 10GEOID 47010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.191500K: 0.194 | 0.577500K: 0.577 | 14.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 473.7 km6,572 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · State Senate District 14GEOID 34014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.191500K: 0.214 | 0.648500K: 0.648 | 14.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 10.6% | 157.884 km7,750 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · Assembly District 14GEOID 34014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.191500K: 0.214 | 0.648500K: 0.648 | 10.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 10.6% | 157.884 km7,750 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State Senate District 26GEOID 56026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.191500K: 0.193 | 0.590500K: 0.590 | 14.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.1% | 934.26 km7,975 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 10GEOID 17010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.191500K: 0.198 | 0.650500K: 0.650 | 14.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.5% | 67.248 km2,430 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 86GEOID 18086 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.191500K: 0.196 | 0.642500K: 0.644 | 10.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.6% | 75.936 km1,288 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 34GEOID 56034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.191500K: 0.194 | 0.588500K: 0.588 | 10.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.2% | 932.596 km7,798 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 51GEOID 28051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.191500K: 0.194 | 0.718500K: 0.718 | 10.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 473.116 km5,592 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 99GEOID 40099 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.192500K: 0.192 | 0.424500K: 0.424 | 10.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.2% | 58.569 km1,285 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 83GEOID 17083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.192500K: 0.196 | 0.605500K: 0.605 | 10.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.1% | 100.761 km2,052 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 23GEOID 13023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.192500K: 0.199 | 0.687500K: 0.688 | 10.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.9% | 141.842 km3,362 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 35GEOID 56035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.192500K: 0.195 | 0.572500K: 0.571 | 10.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.7% | 48.515 km742 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 167GEOID 13167 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.192500K: 0.177 | 0.652500K: 0.654 | 10.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 7.9% | 498.263 km8,476 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 12GEOID 17012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.192500K: 0.195 | 0.695500K: 0.696 | 14.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.5% | 50.067 km1,504 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 19GEOID 24019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.192500K: 0.212 | 0.695500K: 0.695 | 15.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 9.7% | 81.939 km2,299 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative District 19GEOID 24019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.192500K: 0.212 | 0.695500K: 0.695 | 10.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 9.7% | 81.939 km2,299 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State Senate District 22GEOID 08022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.192500K: 0.205 | 0.723500K: 0.724 | 15.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.3% | 93.913 km1,715 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 68GEOID 29068 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.192500K: 0.201 | 0.647500K: 0.646 | 10.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.7% | 39.211 km1,106 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 140GEOID 29140 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.192500K: 0.197 | 0.677500K: 0.677 | 10.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.7% | 158.455 km1,954 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 36GEOID 48036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.192500K: 0.197 | 0.655500K: 0.656 | 11.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.5% | 136.607 km2,716 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 27GEOID 47027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.192500K: 0.199 | 0.691500K: 0.692 | 11.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.4% | 175.836 km4,278 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 54GEOID 48054 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.192500K: 0.194 | 0.747500K: 0.747 | 11.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.9% | 386.013 km3,409 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| GA · State House District 140GEOID 13140 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.192500K: 0.199 | 0.648500K: 0.647 | 11.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.4% | 67.876 km946 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State Senate District 23GEOID 48023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.192500K: 0.197 | 0.749500K: 0.749 | 15.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.1% | 259.057 km5,053 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 23GEOID 08023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.192500K: 0.211 | 0.645500K: 0.644 | 11.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 8.8% | 69.999 km1,232 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 157GEOID 13157 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.193500K: 0.201 | 0.717500K: 0.717 | 11.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.1% | 466.872 km8,972 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 49GEOID 28049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.193500K: 0.117 | 0.650500K: 0.330 | 15.1lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 39.1% | 146.075 km2,625 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 65GEOID 45065 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.193500K: 0.198 | 0.673500K: 0.673 | 11.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.7% | 330.561 km7,290 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 67GEOID 17067 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.193500K: 0.198 | 0.652500K: 0.653 | 11.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.4% | 121.315 km2,408 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · State Senate District 7GEOID 34007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.193500K: 0.206 | 0.641500K: 0.641 | 15.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.4% | 136.922 km6,433 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · Assembly District 07GEOID 34007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.193500K: 0.206 | 0.641500K: 0.641 | 11.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.4% | 136.922 km6,433 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 34GEOID 54034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.193500K: 0.201 | 0.715500K: 0.715 | 11.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.1% | 217.347 km5,324 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 8th Bristol DistrictGEOID 25017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.193500K: 0.190 | 0.529500K: 0.528 | 11.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.7% | 148.741 km1,981 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 135GEOID 29135 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.193500K: 0.198 | 0.751500K: 0.751 | 11.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.7% | 59.467 km1,260 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| IL · State House District 94GEOID 17094 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.193500K: 0.196 | 0.673500K: 0.673 | 11.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.6% | 866.799 km8,736 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 99GEOID 54099 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.193500K: 0.202 | 0.571500K: 0.571 | 11.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.2% | 66.957 km1,719 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 22GEOID 01022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.193500K: 0.200 | 0.760500K: 0.760 | 11.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.5% | 281.353 km5,859 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 89GEOID 01089 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.193500K: 0.209 | 0.569500K: 0.569 | 11.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 7.7% | 389.49 km4,294 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative Subdistrict 44BGEOID 2444B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.193500K: 0.196 | 0.573500K: 0.573 | 11.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.5% | 59.91 km1,370 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State Senate District 34GEOID 38034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.193500K: 0.204 | 0.512500K: 0.514 | 15.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.0% | 42.448 km836 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State House District 34GEOID 38034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.193500K: 0.204 | 0.512500K: 0.514 | 11.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.0% | 42.448 km836 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 68GEOID 05068 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.194500K: 0.211 | 0.722500K: 0.725 | 11.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 8.2% | 93.007 km2,410 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 78GEOID 29078 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.194500K: 0.209 | 0.619500K: 0.621 | 11.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 7.3% | 29.068 km856 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 103GEOID 28103 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.194500K: 0.201 | 0.705500K: 0.705 | 11.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.5% | 93.733 km2,606 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative Subdistrict 29CGEOID 2429C · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.194500K: 0.166 | 0.634500K: 0.617 | 11.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 14.2% | 207.746 km4,308 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 24GEOID 08024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.194500K: 0.207 | 0.732500K: 0.732 | 11.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.1% | 65.901 km1,488 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AS · Delegate District (at Large)GEOID 6098 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.194500K: 0.064 | 0.025500K: 0.004 | 26.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 67.0% | 312.663 km501 vertices · 4 parts · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 22GEOID 28022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.194500K: 0.197 | 0.633500K: 0.633 | 11.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.2% | 321.563 km5,450 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 49GEOID 48049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.194500K: 0.198 | 0.576500K: 0.576 | 11.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 77.339 km1,361 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 21GEOID 01021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.194500K: 0.199 | 0.620500K: 0.621 | 11.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.3% | 123.754 km2,377 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 9GEOID 28009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.194500K: 0.197 | 0.619500K: 0.620 | 15.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.5% | 297.822 km4,133 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 13GEOID 37013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.194500K: 0.198 | 0.728500K: 0.729 | 15.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.6% | 208.257 km5,209 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 27GEOID 28027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.194500K: 0.203 | 0.673500K: 0.673 | 11.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.4% | 352.999 km7,574 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 29GEOID 47029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.194500K: 0.206 | 0.707500K: 0.708 | 11.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.7% | 158.628 km3,918 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 16GEOID 06016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.203 | 0.702500K: 0.702 | 11.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.3% | 322.996 km7,100 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 146GEOID 13146 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.205 | 0.618500K: 0.619 | 11.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.1% | 119.625 km3,510 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 64GEOID 01064 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.199 | 0.621500K: 0.621 | 11.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.2% | 215.724 km3,444 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 17GEOID 45017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.224 | 0.720500K: 0.722 | 11.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 13.0% | 223.887 km7,330 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 24GEOID 36024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.198 | 0.557500K: 0.557 | 11.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.5% | 31.005 km459 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 24GEOID 42024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.209 | 0.597500K: 0.598 | 11.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 7.0% | 39.13 km1,323 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 86GEOID 19086 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.206 | 0.666500K: 0.668 | 11.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.4% | 54.544 km1,008 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 26GEOID 16026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.195500K: 0.198 | 0.649500K: 0.649 | 15.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 862.71 km8,546 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 26GEOID 16026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.198 | 0.649500K: 0.649 | 11.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 862.71 km8,546 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · State Senate District 8GEOID 55008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.195500K: 0.207 | 0.610500K: 0.610 | 15.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.9% | 187.559 km5,833 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 3GEOID 42003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.203 | 0.530500K: 0.530 | 11.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.0% | 101.905 km1,641 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · Congressional District 4GEOID 4704 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.195500K: 0.198 | 0.701500K: 0.701 | 26.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 1,047.24 km12,438 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 31GEOID 48031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.155 | 0.581500K: 0.575 | 11.7lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 20.4% | 1,497.042 km8,981 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 72GEOID 47072 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.199 | 0.650500K: 0.650 | 11.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.1% | 546.055 km8,594 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 14GEOID 36014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.195500K: 0.202 | 0.617500K: 0.617 | 15.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.7% | 47.251 km744 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 9GEOID 35009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.198 | 0.688500K: 0.688 | 11.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.5% | 358.053 km3,540 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Congressional District 21GEOID 0621 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.195500K: 0.198 | 0.745500K: 0.745 | 27.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 385.987 km5,792 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 100GEOID 54100 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.203 | 0.666500K: 0.664 | 11.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.9% | 103.479 km2,376 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 48GEOID 45048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.206 | 0.535500K: 0.552 | 11.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.1% | 91.83 km1,258 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features