Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 2,801–2,900 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MA · Norfolk and Suffolk DistrictGEOID 25D18 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.284500K: 0.305 | 0.818500K: 0.819 | 40.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.9% | 86.663 km2,990 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 14GEOID 51014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.303 | 0.705500K: 0.706 | 36.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.3% | 46.698 km2,263 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 83GEOID 29083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.294 | 0.675500K: 0.676 | 36.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 31.621 km992 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 49GEOID 41049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.293 | 0.703500K: 0.703 | 36.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 53.584 km1,076 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State Senate District 1GEOID 18001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.284500K: 0.288 | 0.780500K: 0.780 | 40.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 88.926 km1,339 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 84GEOID 23084 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.303 | 0.795500K: 0.795 | 36.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.0% | 125.546 km3,259 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State Senate District 14GEOID 09014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.284500K: 0.358 | 0.775500K: 0.773 | 40.2middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 20.7% | 77.331 km1,547 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 71GEOID 17071 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.285 | 0.675500K: 0.675 | 36.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 344.892 km3,461 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 59GEOID 55059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.291 | 0.673500K: 0.673 | 36.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 261.791 km3,997 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 108GEOID 17108 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.293 | 0.830500K: 0.830 | 36.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 472.247 km5,721 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State Senate District 29GEOID 09029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.285500K: 0.288 | 0.648500K: 0.648 | 40.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 189.902 km2,031 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State Senate District 29GEOID 01029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.285500K: 0.288 | 0.747500K: 0.747 | 40.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 388.564 km3,476 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 94GEOID 19094 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.285500K: 0.287 | 0.697500K: 0.697 | 36.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 87.769 km721 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 42GEOID 05042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.285500K: 0.294 | 0.822500K: 0.822 | 36.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 227.877 km4,803 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · Congressional District 10GEOID 5110 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.285500K: 0.296 | 0.742500K: 0.742 | 58.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.0% | 441.432 km12,073 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State Senate District 37GEOID 30037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.285500K: 0.292 | 0.629500K: 0.629 | 40.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 127.235 km2,470 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PR · State House District 16GEOID 72016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.285500K: 0.323 | 0.750500K: 0.750 | 36.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.9% | 121.711 km4,018 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 18GEOID 05018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.285500K: 0.290 | 0.674500K: 0.674 | 36.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 82.957 km1,408 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 44GEOID 13044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.285500K: 0.294 | 0.730500K: 0.731 | 36.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 55.002 km1,241 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · Congressional District 13GEOID 2613 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.285500K: 0.298 | 0.662500K: 0.672 | 58.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 169.847 km1,669 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 27GEOID 08027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.285500K: 0.297 | 0.789500K: 0.790 | 36.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 143.962 km2,237 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State Senate District 16GEOID 33016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.285500K: 0.286 | 0.706500K: 0.706 | 40.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 125.492 km1,373 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 36GEOID 47036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.285500K: 0.293 | 0.837500K: 0.837 | 36.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 330.507 km6,126 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · Congressional District 1GEOID 1301 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.285500K: 0.254 | 0.794500K: 0.784 | 58.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.0% | 965.282 km16,896 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 79GEOID 55079 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.285500K: 0.311 | 0.781500K: 0.782 | 36.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.4% | 40.946 km1,045 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 42GEOID 28042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.285500K: 0.294 | 0.811500K: 0.811 | 36.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 384.208 km7,375 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · Congressional District 7GEOID 2407 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.285500K: 0.216 | 0.690500K: 0.722 | 59.1middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 24.3% | 143.752 km2,367 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 69GEOID 23069 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.285500K: 0.299 | 0.726500K: 0.727 | 36.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.6% | 148.628 km3,332 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State Senate District 22GEOID 33022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.285500K: 0.287 | 0.610500K: 0.611 | 40.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 92.24 km888 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 79GEOID 17079 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.285500K: 0.287 | 0.655500K: 0.655 | 36.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 237.762 km2,352 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State Senate District 16GEOID 46016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.285500K: 0.323 | 0.745500K: 0.745 | 40.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.7% | 380.291 km14,802 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State House District 16GEOID 46016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.285500K: 0.323 | 0.745500K: 0.745 | 36.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.7% | 380.291 km14,802 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · Congressional District 1GEOID 1901 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.285500K: 0.286 | 0.676500K: 0.676 | 59.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 1,119.08 km8,927 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 60GEOID 28060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.285500K: 0.298 | 0.705500K: 0.706 | 36.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 117.194 km1,931 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State Senate District 33GEOID 44033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.286500K: 0.305 | 0.709500K: 0.708 | 40.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.5% | 68.995 km2,042 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 39GEOID 22039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.286500K: 0.293 | 0.725500K: 0.725 | 36.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 92.838 km1,408 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Merrimack 20GEOID 33620 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.286500K: 0.290 | 0.588500K: 0.589 | 36.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 15.26 km273 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 13GEOID 40013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.286500K: 0.289 | 0.686500K: 0.686 | 36.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 235.055 km2,661 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 162GEOID 29162 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.286500K: 0.289 | 0.746500K: 0.746 | 36.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 126.813 km1,186 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 64GEOID 05064 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.286500K: 0.292 | 0.728500K: 0.728 | 36.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 220.84 km3,453 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 91GEOID 36091 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.286500K: 0.140 | 0.682500K: 0.485 | 36.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 51.0% | 73.448 km2,161 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 78GEOID 13078 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.286500K: 0.291 | 0.661500K: 0.661 | 36.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 74.77 km1,430 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 49GEOID 54049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.286500K: 0.293 | 0.781500K: 0.781 | 36.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 239.443 km5,096 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State Senate District 34GEOID 09034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.286500K: 0.292 | 0.693500K: 0.693 | 40.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 97.713 km1,654 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 93GEOID 51093 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.286500K: 0.290 | 0.729500K: 0.728 | 36.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 49.034 km931 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 78GEOID 40078 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.286500K: 0.287 | 0.761500K: 0.760 | 36.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 36.004 km369 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State Senate District 19GEOID 04019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.286500K: 0.290 | 0.829500K: 0.829 | 40.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 1,159.153 km11,644 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State House District 19GEOID 04019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.286500K: 0.290 | 0.829500K: 0.829 | 36.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 1,159.153 km11,644 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 27GEOID 06027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.286500K: 0.292 | 0.812500K: 0.812 | 36.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 722.026 km8,375 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · Congressional District 11GEOID 1311 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.286500K: 0.294 | 0.771500K: 0.771 | 59.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 413.339 km8,037 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Representative District 17GEOID 10017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.286500K: 0.141 | 0.712500K: 0.513 | 36.7middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 50.8% | 70.808 km1,617 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 77GEOID 30077 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.287500K: 0.294 | 0.768500K: 0.768 | 36.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 404.306 km5,974 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 15GEOID 42015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.287500K: 0.294 | 0.803500K: 0.803 | 36.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 239.133 km3,884 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 33GEOID 41033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.287500K: 0.295 | 0.723500K: 0.724 | 36.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 59.668 km966 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 109GEOID 23109 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.287500K: 0.303 | 0.661500K: 0.662 | 36.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.4% | 52.473 km1,141 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Congressional District 5GEOID 3605 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.287500K: 0.250 | 0.643500K: 0.629 | 59.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 12.8% | 112.978 km978 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 18GEOID 19018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.287500K: 0.294 | 0.711500K: 0.711 | 40.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 47.865 km823 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State Senate District 9GEOID 20009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.287500K: 0.288 | 0.698500K: 0.698 | 40.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 224.301 km1,960 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State Senate District 44GEOID 38044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.287500K: 0.313 | 0.672500K: 0.675 | 40.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.5% | 19.124 km270 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State House District 44GEOID 38044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.287500K: 0.313 | 0.672500K: 0.675 | 36.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.5% | 19.124 km270 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 52GEOID 45052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.287500K: 0.291 | 0.619500K: 0.620 | 36.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 135.85 km2,166 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 34GEOID 30034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.287500K: 0.287 | 0.747500K: 0.747 | 36.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 1,368.302 km6,005 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 8th Norfolk DistrictGEOID 25103 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.287500K: 0.294 | 0.655500K: 0.655 | 36.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 67.723 km1,306 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 17GEOID 19017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.287500K: 0.295 | 0.721500K: 0.722 | 40.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 40.513 km588 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State Senate District 33GEOID 09033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.287500K: 0.290 | 0.740500K: 0.730 | 40.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 197.369 km2,574 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 1st Essex DistrictGEOID 25024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.287500K: 0.290 | 0.756500K: 0.752 | 36.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 72.514 km1,007 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State Senate District 50GEOID 30050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.287500K: 0.295 | 0.714500K: 0.714 | 41.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 105.838 km1,219 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 38GEOID 06038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.287500K: 0.363 | 0.473500K: 0.438 | 37.0middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 20.8% | 457.488 km3,967 vertices · 3 parts · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 3GEOID 24003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.287500K: 0.304 | 0.811500K: 0.812 | 41.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.4% | 85.499 km2,152 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative District 3GEOID 24003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.287500K: 0.304 | 0.811500K: 0.812 | 37.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.4% | 85.499 km2,152 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 107GEOID 37107 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.288500K: 0.292 | 0.768500K: 0.768 | 37.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 65.185 km1,709 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 102GEOID 17102 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.288500K: 0.291 | 0.762500K: 0.762 | 37.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 618.291 km5,337 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 11th Essex DistrictGEOID 25034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.288500K: 0.131 | 0.807500K: 0.530 | 37.0middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 54.5% | 49.258 km506 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 104GEOID 48104 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.288500K: 0.297 | 0.684500K: 0.684 | 37.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 82.571 km1,547 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Merrimack 12GEOID 33612 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.288500K: 0.324 | 0.766500K: 0.767 | 37.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.1% | 50.746 km1,531 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 22GEOID 13022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.288500K: 0.295 | 0.747500K: 0.747 | 41.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 161.498 km2,726 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 110GEOID 37110 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.288500K: 0.293 | 0.686500K: 0.686 | 37.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 204.511 km4,064 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · Congressional District 23GEOID 1223 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.288500K: 0.228 | 0.789500K: 0.721 | 60.0middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 20.8% | 169.691 km1,920 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 22GEOID 21022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.288500K: 0.292 | 0.814500K: 0.814 | 37.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 266.203 km5,117 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State Senate District 14GEOID 41014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.288500K: 0.295 | 0.726500K: 0.727 | 41.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 58.742 km1,730 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 58GEOID 37058 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.288500K: 0.301 | 0.728500K: 0.728 | 37.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 78.691 km1,532 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 90GEOID 29090 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.288500K: 0.299 | 0.753500K: 0.754 | 37.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 36.707 km1,043 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Chittenden-18 State House DistrictGEOID 50C18 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.288500K: 0.312 | 0.631500K: 0.635 | 37.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.5% | 16.033 km1,041 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Congressional District 26GEOID 0626 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.288500K: 0.308 | 0.855500K: 0.866 | 60.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.3% | 455.18 km5,992 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 70GEOID 06070 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.288500K: 0.299 | 0.737500K: 0.736 | 37.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 78.207 km1,526 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State Senate District 15GEOID 22015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.289500K: 0.292 | 0.655500K: 0.655 | 41.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 121.315 km2,427 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 133GEOID 09133 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.289500K: 0.319 | 0.735500K: 0.736 | 37.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.5% | 25.554 km909 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 60GEOID 54060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.289500K: 0.304 | 0.698500K: 0.698 | 37.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.9% | 126.254 km4,002 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 124GEOID 48124 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.289500K: 0.293 | 0.742500K: 0.742 | 37.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 76.944 km951 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 116GEOID 42116 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.289500K: 0.290 | 0.769500K: 0.770 | 37.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 133.244 km835 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 83GEOID 21083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.289500K: 0.292 | 0.637500K: 0.638 | 37.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 276.643 km1,758 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 60GEOID 55060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.289500K: 0.337 | 0.747500K: 0.747 | 37.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 14.3% | 97.706 km7,949 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · Congressional District 1GEOID 2701 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.289500K: 0.290 | 0.772500K: 0.772 | 60.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 1,183.659 km10,150 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 148GEOID 42148 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.289500K: 0.295 | 0.641500K: 0.642 | 37.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 58.131 km1,203 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 2GEOID 27002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.289500K: 0.291 | 0.730500K: 0.730 | 41.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 996.282 km7,236 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 81GEOID 05081 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.289500K: 0.299 | 0.702500K: 0.702 | 37.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 66.757 km1,223 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 29GEOID 53029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.289500K: 0.296 | 0.737500K: 0.738 | 41.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 62.438 km1,101 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 29GEOID 53029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.289500K: 0.296 | 0.737500K: 0.738 | 37.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 62.438 km1,101 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · First Plymouth and Norfolk DistrictGEOID 25D31 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.289500K: 0.186 | 0.615500K: 0.610 | 41.3middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 35.6% | 198.11 km1,980 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 65GEOID 22065 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.289500K: 0.305 | 0.809500K: 0.810 | 37.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 90.055 km2,451 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features