Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 2,701–2,800 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PA · State House District 4GEOID 42004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.280500K: 0.281 | 0.644500K: 0.645 | 34.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 242.636 km1,806 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 31GEOID 56031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.280500K: 0.285 | 0.664500K: 0.667 | 34.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 33.949 km746 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 32GEOID 05032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.280500K: 0.285 | 0.690500K: 0.691 | 34.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 52.477 km877 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 49GEOID 51049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.280500K: 0.293 | 0.892500K: 0.893 | 34.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 270.052 km8,251 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 30GEOID 48030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.280500K: 0.295 | 0.696500K: 0.712 | 34.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 842.304 km9,807 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 95GEOID 05095 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.280500K: 0.284 | 0.819500K: 0.820 | 34.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 435.459 km12,463 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · Congressional District 7GEOID 3707 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.280500K: 0.286 | 0.768500K: 0.761 | 57.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 782.891 km16,423 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 30GEOID 37030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.280500K: 0.286 | 0.808500K: 0.808 | 34.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 66.77 km1,351 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 108GEOID 26108 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.280500K: 0.133 | 0.674500K: 0.605 | 34.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 52.5% | 1,037.112 km3,219 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 43GEOID 54043 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.280500K: 0.293 | 0.749500K: 0.749 | 34.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 190.306 km3,956 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State House District 11GEOID 15011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.280500K: 0.190 | 0.676500K: 0.520 | 34.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 32.4% | 101.965 km789 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 68GEOID 45068 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.280500K: 0.287 | 0.747500K: 0.748 | 34.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 70.843 km834 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 27GEOID 21027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.280500K: 0.290 | 0.726500K: 0.727 | 34.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 196.675 km2,772 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State Senate District 6GEOID 21006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.280500K: 0.290 | 0.703500K: 0.705 | 39.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 207.811 km3,539 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 100GEOID 01100 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.280500K: 0.304 | 0.720500K: 0.720 | 34.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.6% | 92.3 km2,793 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 26GEOID 41026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.280500K: 0.293 | 0.744500K: 0.744 | 34.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 87.35 km1,667 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State Senate District 35GEOID 05035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.281500K: 0.284 | 0.776500K: 0.775 | 39.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 257.313 km3,187 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Caledonia Senatorial DistrictGEOID 50CAL · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.281500K: 0.289 | 0.635500K: 0.635 | 39.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 244.307 km2,423 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 71GEOID 49071 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.281500K: 0.282 | 0.652500K: 0.652 | 34.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 328.499 km2,698 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 3GEOID 06003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.281500K: 0.287 | 0.797500K: 0.797 | 34.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 925.342 km13,613 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State Senate District 9GEOID 41009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.281500K: 0.287 | 0.820500K: 0.820 | 39.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 539.121 km7,784 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 74GEOID 42074 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.281500K: 0.290 | 0.637500K: 0.638 | 34.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 98.106 km1,821 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · Congressional District 9GEOID 4209 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.281500K: 0.283 | 0.740500K: 0.740 | 57.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 843.994 km9,816 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State Senate District 25GEOID 49025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.281500K: 0.297 | 0.765500K: 0.765 | 39.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.6% | 190.545 km3,063 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State Senate District 34GEOID 30034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.281500K: 0.293 | 0.739500K: 0.739 | 39.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 158.258 km2,560 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 18GEOID 28018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.281500K: 0.286 | 0.760500K: 0.760 | 39.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 405.516 km5,469 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 65GEOID 42065 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.281500K: 0.282 | 0.706500K: 0.706 | 35.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 434.457 km2,948 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 3GEOID 53003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.281500K: 0.290 | 0.697500K: 0.700 | 39.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 69.072 km2,428 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 3GEOID 53003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.281500K: 0.290 | 0.697500K: 0.700 | 35.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 69.072 km2,428 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 59GEOID 51059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.281500K: 0.300 | 0.861500K: 0.861 | 35.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.4% | 285.036 km12,007 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 45GEOID 47045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.281500K: 0.293 | 0.728500K: 0.729 | 35.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 108.279 km3,809 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State Senate District 34GEOID 23034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.281500K: 0.263 | 0.761500K: 0.721 | 39.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.6% | 167.542 km3,710 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 30GEOID 56030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.281500K: 0.288 | 0.794500K: 0.795 | 35.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 263.52 km2,031 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State Senate District 29GEOID 35029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.281500K: 0.283 | 0.729500K: 0.730 | 39.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 378.035 km4,373 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 33GEOID 51033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.281500K: 0.292 | 0.794500K: 0.794 | 35.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 362.912 km10,600 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · Congressional District 8GEOID 4208 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.281500K: 0.285 | 0.742500K: 0.742 | 57.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 572.878 km8,836 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 22GEOID 49022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.281500K: 0.289 | 0.643500K: 0.643 | 35.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 68.056 km1,311 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 19GEOID 26019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.281500K: 0.287 | 0.672500K: 0.672 | 35.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 66.64 km892 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · Congressional District 5GEOID 2105 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.281500K: 0.293 | 0.796500K: 0.796 | 57.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 1,171.96 km21,551 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 76GEOID 22076 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.281500K: 0.318 | 0.730500K: 0.737 | 35.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.4% | 127.212 km2,102 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AK · State Senate District QGEOID 0200Q · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.282500K: 0.292 | 0.826500K: 0.826 | 39.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 701.934 km6,585 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · Congressional District 12GEOID 3712 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.282500K: 0.290 | 0.820500K: 0.821 | 58.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 178.251 km4,825 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 2GEOID 45002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.290 | 0.800500K: 0.800 | 35.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 145.857 km2,611 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 96GEOID 40096 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.283 | 0.683500K: 0.683 | 35.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 92.436 km1,594 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · Congressional District 4GEOID 4904 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.282500K: 0.288 | 0.714500K: 0.714 | 58.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 724.031 km13,079 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 23GEOID 17023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.284 | 0.664500K: 0.664 | 35.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 27.93 km822 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 24BGEOID 2724B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.288 | 0.740500K: 0.740 | 35.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 58.977 km1,239 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 43GEOID 19043 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.282500K: 0.288 | 0.768500K: 0.768 | 39.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 124.23 km1,420 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 75GEOID 13075 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.287 | 0.641500K: 0.641 | 35.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 52.732 km1,017 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 24GEOID 23024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.287 | 0.620500K: 0.619 | 35.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 49.948 km1,126 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 60GEOID 39060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.287 | 0.693500K: 0.693 | 35.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 129.764 km1,293 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 12GEOID 17012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.315 | 0.695500K: 0.725 | 35.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 10.5% | 18.685 km601 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 66GEOID 05066 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.285 | 0.674500K: 0.678 | 35.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 132.376 km1,391 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 72GEOID 51072 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.295 | 0.742500K: 0.743 | 35.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 332.025 km14,317 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 11GEOID 51011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.311 | 0.718500K: 0.719 | 35.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.2% | 49.262 km2,387 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 84GEOID 19084 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.285 | 0.780500K: 0.780 | 35.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 290.479 km2,266 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 117GEOID 42117 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.284 | 0.708500K: 0.708 | 35.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 241.223 km2,215 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 93GEOID 18093 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.289 | 0.692500K: 0.692 | 35.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 49.416 km1,015 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 25GEOID 51025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.292 | 0.745500K: 0.746 | 35.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 61.684 km1,844 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 54GEOID 49054 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.300 | 0.767500K: 0.768 | 35.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.9% | 104.989 km2,988 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 88GEOID 05088 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.300 | 0.841500K: 0.842 | 35.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.8% | 346.025 km8,907 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State Senate District 42GEOID 45042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.282500K: 0.290 | 0.728500K: 0.727 | 39.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 85.468 km1,963 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 1st Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.285 | 0.704500K: 0.704 | 35.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 127.493 km1,455 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 68GEOID 22068 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.282500K: 0.287 | 0.695500K: 0.695 | 35.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 44.377 km1,197 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 4GEOID 40004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.283500K: 0.286 | 0.753500K: 0.752 | 39.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 477.28 km4,620 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 6th Hampden DistrictGEOID 25049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.292 | 0.690500K: 0.689 | 35.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 52.916 km1,095 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 29GEOID 27029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.283500K: 0.297 | 0.752500K: 0.752 | 39.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.8% | 259.838 km4,376 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 51GEOID 19051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.287 | 0.811500K: 0.811 | 35.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 311.546 km2,815 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 59GEOID 39059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.287 | 0.746500K: 0.746 | 35.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 200.009 km2,472 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 45GEOID 30045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.302 | 0.688500K: 0.698 | 35.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.3% | 19.209 km501 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 53GEOID 21053 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.289 | 0.734500K: 0.735 | 35.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 213.463 km2,490 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 51GEOID 36051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.283500K: 0.290 | 0.752500K: 0.752 | 39.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 795.433 km9,207 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State Senate District 13GEOID 51013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.283500K: 0.285 | 0.828500K: 0.822 | 39.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 444.708 km20,466 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 32GEOID 24032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.283500K: 0.293 | 0.752500K: 0.753 | 39.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 78.762 km2,029 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative District 32GEOID 24032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.293 | 0.752500K: 0.753 | 35.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 78.762 km2,029 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State Senate District 20GEOID 04020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.283500K: 0.286 | 0.729500K: 0.729 | 39.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 99.932 km1,845 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State House District 20GEOID 04020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.286 | 0.729500K: 0.729 | 35.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 99.932 km1,845 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 41GEOID 36041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.287 | 0.694500K: 0.694 | 35.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 20.331 km190 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 15GEOID 48015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.311 | 0.778500K: 0.779 | 35.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.9% | 111.666 km3,038 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 51GEOID 37051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.291 | 0.672500K: 0.672 | 35.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 237.66 km5,552 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 1st Bristol DistrictGEOID 25010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.285 | 0.693500K: 0.693 | 35.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 73.897 km839 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 96GEOID 54096 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.296 | 0.779500K: 0.780 | 35.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 56.934 km1,403 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 116GEOID 37116 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.314 | 0.735500K: 0.736 | 35.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.7% | 79.74 km2,654 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 75GEOID 05075 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.295 | 0.704500K: 0.705 | 35.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 42.671 km1,071 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Hillsborough 07GEOID 33507 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.291 | 0.682500K: 0.686 | 35.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 19.717 km524 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State Senate District 10GEOID 01010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.283500K: 0.289 | 0.739500K: 0.739 | 40.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 402.496 km4,726 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 131GEOID 13131 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.299 | 0.698500K: 0.698 | 35.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.3% | 69.033 km2,344 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 49GEOID 19049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.283500K: 0.286 | 0.699500K: 0.700 | 40.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 75.591 km871 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Chittenden-10 State House DistrictGEOID 50C10 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.313 | 0.693500K: 0.696 | 35.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.4% | 22.24 km947 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 43GEOID 26043 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.283500K: 0.284 | 0.700500K: 0.700 | 35.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 305.573 km1,286 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · State Senate District 39GEOID 34039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.284500K: 0.292 | 0.766500K: 0.766 | 40.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 115.552 km1,630 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| NJ · Assembly District 39GEOID 34039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.292 | 0.766500K: 0.766 | 35.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 115.552 km1,630 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| UT · State House District 57GEOID 49057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.295 | 0.687500K: 0.687 | 35.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 38.473 km475 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 6GEOID 06006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.288 | 0.750500K: 0.750 | 35.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 131.229 km1,590 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 1GEOID 01001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.289 | 0.818500K: 0.819 | 36.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 205.833 km3,092 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 67GEOID 35067 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.287 | 0.858500K: 0.858 | 36.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 1,137.035 km11,190 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 19GEOID 21019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.291 | 0.822500K: 0.822 | 36.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 269.419 km8,346 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 15GEOID 40015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.285 | 0.721500K: 0.721 | 36.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 444.131 km4,151 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 8GEOID 06008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.289 | 0.843500K: 0.842 | 36.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 1,605.492 km13,407 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 34GEOID 20034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.284500K: 0.287 | 0.840500K: 0.842 | 36.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 28.294 km380 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features