Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 5,901–6,000 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ME · State House District 147GEOID 23147 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.454500K: 0.289 | 0.817500K: 0.604 | 79.3middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 36.3% | 81.414 km526 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 15GEOID 18015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.454500K: 0.459 | 0.903500K: 0.904 | 79.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 57.018 km773 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State Senate District 20GEOID 30020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.454500K: 0.461 | 0.840500K: 0.841 | 83.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 74.108 km1,250 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 30GEOID 37030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.454500K: 0.458 | 0.827500K: 0.827 | 83.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 244.517 km6,860 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State Senate District 14GEOID 18014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.454500K: 0.456 | 0.886500K: 0.886 | 83.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 208.098 km2,576 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 98GEOID 48098 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.454500K: 0.459 | 0.882500K: 0.882 | 79.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 86.757 km822 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State Senate District 25GEOID 46025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.454500K: 0.455 | 0.818500K: 0.818 | 83.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 279.935 km11,143 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State House District 25GEOID 46025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.454500K: 0.455 | 0.818500K: 0.818 | 79.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 279.935 km11,143 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 83GEOID 39083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.454500K: 0.455 | 0.820500K: 0.820 | 79.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 296.561 km2,015 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 47GEOID 49047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.455500K: 0.468 | 0.808500K: 0.809 | 79.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 34.89 km976 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 122GEOID 28122 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.455500K: 0.463 | 0.853500K: 0.826 | 79.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 161.613 km1,757 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 4GEOID 23004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.455500K: 0.455 | 0.741500K: 0.741 | 79.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 103.964 km338 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 108GEOID 12108 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.455500K: 0.459 | 0.849500K: 0.849 | 79.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 45.004 km541 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Hillsborough 24GEOID 33524 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.455500K: 0.468 | 0.802500K: 0.807 | 79.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 9.919 km278 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 27GEOID 13027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.455500K: 0.460 | 0.877500K: 0.877 | 84.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 124.541 km2,106 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 33GEOID 23033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.455500K: 0.455 | 0.850500K: 0.850 | 79.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 109.744 km1,072 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State Senate District 16GEOID 26016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.455500K: 0.392 | 0.939500K: 0.913 | 84.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 13.8% | 358.175 km1,756 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 96GEOID 01096 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.455500K: 0.392 | 0.864500K: 0.791 | 79.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 13.9% | 109.611 km1,563 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · Assembly District 8GEOID 32008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.455500K: 0.456 | 0.820500K: 0.820 | 79.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 36.745 km450 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State Senate District 12GEOID 20012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.455500K: 0.456 | 0.823500K: 0.823 | 84.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 539.902 km3,968 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 120GEOID 09120 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.455500K: 0.465 | 0.762500K: 0.764 | 79.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 23.37 km551 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 11BGEOID 2711B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.456500K: 0.458 | 0.787500K: 0.787 | 79.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 310.412 km2,437 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State House District 28BGEOID 4628B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.456500K: 0.464 | 0.771500K: 0.771 | 79.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 647.357 km4,445 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 46GEOID 13046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.456500K: 0.473 | 0.843500K: 0.844 | 79.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 41.91 km1,368 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DC · Ward 3GEOID 11003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.456500K: 0.488 | 0.848500K: 0.849 | 84.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.5% | 27.9 km2,785 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 5th Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25063 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.456500K: 0.473 | 0.807500K: 0.808 | 79.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 37.67 km812 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 59GEOID 12059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.456500K: 0.511 | 0.873500K: 0.873 | 79.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 10.6% | 57.235 km1,187 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State Senate District 20GEOID 44020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.456500K: 0.473 | 0.797500K: 0.798 | 84.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 31.309 km694 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State Senate District 23GEOID 26023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.456500K: 0.458 | 0.863500K: 0.863 | 84.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 148.29 km1,956 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 29BGEOID 2729B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.456500K: 0.470 | 0.813500K: 0.814 | 79.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 107.869 km1,353 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Hillsborough 27GEOID 33527 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.457500K: 0.469 | 0.878500K: 0.880 | 79.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 66.212 km678 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · Assembly District 33GEOID 32033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.457500K: 0.459 | 0.883500K: 0.883 | 79.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 1,892.252 km10,607 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 35GEOID 49035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.457500K: 0.479 | 0.788500K: 0.788 | 79.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.7% | 26.736 km936 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 78GEOID 20078 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.457500K: 0.463 | 0.746500K: 0.748 | 79.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 18.856 km281 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 6GEOID 29006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.457500K: 0.460 | 0.882500K: 0.883 | 79.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 283.684 km2,508 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State Senate District 15GEOID 38015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.457500K: 0.462 | 0.904500K: 0.904 | 84.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 496.578 km3,430 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State House District 15GEOID 38015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.457500K: 0.462 | 0.904500K: 0.904 | 79.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 496.578 km3,430 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 77GEOID 45077 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.457500K: 0.466 | 0.802500K: 0.803 | 79.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 64.286 km1,625 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 45GEOID 27045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.457500K: 0.461 | 0.889500K: 0.889 | 84.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 85.719 km852 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 5th Norfolk DistrictGEOID 25100 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.458500K: 0.484 | 0.820500K: 0.819 | 79.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.6% | 35.827 km864 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 111GEOID 20111 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.458500K: 0.460 | 0.843500K: 0.844 | 79.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 68.762 km399 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 18GEOID 12018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.458500K: 0.407 | 0.791500K: 0.747 | 79.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.1% | 164.716 km1,513 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Senate District 12GEOID 10012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.458500K: 0.254 | 0.813500K: 0.686 | 84.4middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 44.5% | 87.455 km1,623 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Representative District 14GEOID 10014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.458500K: 0.378 | 0.862500K: 0.760 | 80.0middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 17.5% | 82.988 km1,326 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 85GEOID 01085 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.459500K: 0.474 | 0.842500K: 0.842 | 80.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 209.754 km2,253 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 36GEOID 56036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.459500K: 0.469 | 0.789500K: 0.790 | 80.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 15.639 km411 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State Senate District 15GEOID 12015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.459500K: 0.466 | 0.818500K: 0.818 | 84.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 143.05 km2,858 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · Congressional District (at Large)GEOID 1000 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.459500K: 0.346 | 0.840500K: 0.740 | 90.0middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 24.6% | 419.967 km5,344 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State Senate District 19GEOID 29019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.459500K: 0.477 | 0.913500K: 0.913 | 84.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 221.27 km5,171 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 156GEOID 42156 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.459500K: 0.469 | 0.833500K: 0.833 | 80.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 50.897 km994 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 47GEOID 30047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.459500K: 0.471 | 0.778500K: 0.788 | 80.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 16.59 km493 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State House District 7GEOID 15007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.459500K: 0.427 | 0.827500K: 0.797 | 80.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.0% | 211.156 km2,831 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 2GEOID 40002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.459500K: 0.461 | 0.796500K: 0.796 | 84.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 146.147 km1,807 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 16GEOID 51016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.459500K: 0.493 | 0.871500K: 0.868 | 80.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.9% | 41.127 km2,134 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · Assembly District 23GEOID 32023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.459500K: 0.467 | 0.874500K: 0.874 | 80.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 342.686 km2,590 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 83GEOID 22083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.459500K: 0.463 | 0.807500K: 0.808 | 80.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 63.79 km449 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 30GEOID 36030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.460500K: 0.471 | 0.863500K: 0.866 | 84.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 18.824 km288 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 32GEOID 27032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.460500K: 0.461 | 0.781500K: 0.781 | 84.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 84.982 km783 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State Senate District 17GEOID 56017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.460500K: 0.469 | 0.924500K: 0.924 | 84.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 527.138 km5,163 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 6GEOID 56006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.460500K: 0.460 | 0.858500K: 0.858 | 80.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 445.682 km1,993 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 44GEOID 37044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.460500K: 0.464 | 0.807500K: 0.807 | 84.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 243.567 km3,328 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 91GEOID 42091 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.460500K: 0.469 | 0.879500K: 0.879 | 80.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 151.522 km3,977 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 50GEOID 27050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.460500K: 0.466 | 0.847500K: 0.848 | 84.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 46.807 km695 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 56GEOID 30056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.460500K: 0.465 | 0.842500K: 0.842 | 80.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 473.989 km2,807 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 55GEOID 37055 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.460500K: 0.464 | 0.888500K: 0.888 | 80.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 253.889 km4,496 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 5GEOID 19005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.460500K: 0.461 | 0.868500K: 0.868 | 84.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 457.118 km2,882 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 46GEOID 20046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.460500K: 0.494 | 0.860500K: 0.860 | 80.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.8% | 20.968 km365 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Representative District 22GEOID 10022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.461500K: 0.471 | 0.811500K: 0.813 | 80.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 30.685 km1,107 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 93GEOID 23093 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.461500K: 0.465 | 0.791500K: 0.791 | 80.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 20.593 km367 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Hillsborough 25GEOID 33525 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.461500K: 0.470 | 0.894500K: 0.896 | 80.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 7.908 km240 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 17GEOID 23017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.461500K: 0.453 | 0.826500K: 0.827 | 80.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 107.742 km1,073 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 51GEOID 30051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.461500K: 0.475 | 0.864500K: 0.864 | 80.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 14.987 km413 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State Senate District 2GEOID 15002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.461500K: 0.443 | 0.841500K: 0.818 | 84.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 205.285 km1,360 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 11th Suffolk DistrictGEOID 25133 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.461500K: 0.487 | 0.793500K: 0.792 | 80.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.4% | 13.6 km353 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 42GEOID 09042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.461500K: 0.468 | 0.806500K: 0.806 | 80.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 49.795 km1,027 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 51GEOID 21051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.461500K: 0.474 | 0.820500K: 0.820 | 80.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 209.756 km2,270 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 18GEOID 35018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.461500K: 0.465 | 0.893500K: 0.892 | 80.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 22.383 km257 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 6GEOID 19006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.461500K: 0.462 | 0.791500K: 0.791 | 84.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 446.02 km3,173 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 31AGEOID 2731A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.461500K: 0.467 | 0.885500K: 0.886 | 80.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 57.226 km718 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative Subdistrict 34AGEOID 2434A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.461500K: 0.157 | 0.857500K: 0.645 | 80.4middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 65.9% | 116.164 km1,125 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 50GEOID 13050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.461500K: 0.476 | 0.769500K: 0.770 | 80.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 38.043 km1,021 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 10GEOID 29010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.462500K: 0.474 | 0.789500K: 0.790 | 80.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 40.333 km807 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 36GEOID 22036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.462500K: 0.463 | 0.801500K: 0.802 | 80.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 45.753 km257 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 23GEOID 21023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.462500K: 0.465 | 0.881500K: 0.881 | 80.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 187.736 km1,227 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 84GEOID 40084 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.462500K: 0.469 | 0.756500K: 0.756 | 80.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 28.065 km596 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 97GEOID 05097 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.462500K: 0.463 | 0.874500K: 0.874 | 80.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 208.978 km2,883 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 6GEOID 30006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.462500K: 0.465 | 0.870500K: 0.870 | 80.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 134.669 km1,406 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 67GEOID 12067 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.462500K: 0.464 | 0.762500K: 0.762 | 80.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 91.717 km618 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State Senate District 25GEOID 18025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.462500K: 0.462 | 0.772500K: 0.772 | 85.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 194.039 km2,072 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 98GEOID 39098 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.462500K: 0.474 | 0.893500K: 0.894 | 80.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 304.858 km2,633 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 67GEOID 18067 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.462500K: 0.466 | 0.860500K: 0.860 | 80.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 271.206 km2,150 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State Senate District 26GEOID 04026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.462500K: 0.462 | 0.775500K: 0.775 | 85.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 48.213 km586 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State House District 26GEOID 04026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.462500K: 0.462 | 0.775500K: 0.775 | 80.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 48.213 km586 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 57GEOID 56057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.462500K: 0.468 | 0.792500K: 0.793 | 80.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 10.98 km343 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 5GEOID 36005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.462500K: 0.472 | 0.826500K: 0.826 | 80.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 53.77 km650 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 33GEOID 09033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.462500K: 0.473 | 0.800500K: 0.800 | 80.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 33.563 km695 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 8GEOID 19008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.463500K: 0.464 | 0.831500K: 0.831 | 80.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 163.053 km821 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DC · Ward 4GEOID 11004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.463500K: 0.477 | 0.847500K: 0.847 | 85.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 25.067 km1,173 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 118GEOID 23118 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.463500K: 0.481 | 0.814500K: 0.816 | 80.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 8.98 km224 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 110GEOID 20110 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.463500K: 0.464 | 0.885500K: 0.885 | 80.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 555.997 km3,511 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features