Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 5,801–5,900 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WI · State Senate District 3GEOID 55003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.445500K: 0.462 | 0.865500K: 0.865 | 82.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 42.669 km1,076 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 50GEOID 40050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.445500K: 0.454 | 0.889500K: 0.889 | 77.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 316.761 km2,118 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 81GEOID 09081 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.445500K: 0.459 | 0.779500K: 0.779 | 77.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 30.437 km610 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 65BGEOID 2765B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.445500K: 0.450 | 0.780500K: 0.779 | 77.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 25.901 km445 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 57GEOID 06057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.445500K: 0.450 | 0.795500K: 0.795 | 77.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 44.802 km675 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 121GEOID 20121 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.445500K: 0.450 | 0.837500K: 0.838 | 77.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 70.266 km876 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 55AGEOID 2755A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.445500K: 0.451 | 0.784500K: 0.786 | 78.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 40.139 km657 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 15GEOID 56015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.445500K: 0.445 | 0.817500K: 0.817 | 78.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 423.876 km1,384 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State Senate District 20GEOID 46020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.445500K: 0.445 | 0.729500K: 0.729 | 82.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 346.876 km2,442 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State House District 20GEOID 46020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.445500K: 0.445 | 0.729500K: 0.729 | 78.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 346.876 km2,442 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 5GEOID 19005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.445500K: 0.445 | 0.771500K: 0.771 | 78.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 324.336 km2,219 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 54GEOID 13054 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.445500K: 0.449 | 0.868500K: 0.868 | 78.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 29.354 km525 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 35GEOID 41035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.445500K: 0.452 | 0.827500K: 0.828 | 78.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 28.209 km954 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Strafford 03GEOID 33803 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.445500K: 0.445 | 0.869500K: 0.869 | 78.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 67.439 km429 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 11GEOID 26011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.445500K: 0.448 | 0.847500K: 0.847 | 78.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 39.698 km521 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 73GEOID 54073 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.445500K: 0.456 | 0.839500K: 0.839 | 78.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 119.039 km2,756 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State Senate District 3GEOID 09003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.446500K: 0.447 | 0.744500K: 0.744 | 82.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 81.716 km935 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 1GEOID 13001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.446500K: 0.450 | 0.853500K: 0.854 | 78.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 175.469 km2,249 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · Assembly District 42GEOID 32042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.446500K: 0.447 | 0.790500K: 0.790 | 78.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 30.614 km566 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State Senate District 10GEOID 56010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.446500K: 0.448 | 0.876500K: 0.876 | 82.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 560.011 km2,480 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| NJ · State Senate District 34GEOID 34034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.446500K: 0.470 | 0.802500K: 0.803 | 82.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 37.762 km788 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · Assembly District 34GEOID 34034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.446500K: 0.470 | 0.802500K: 0.803 | 78.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 37.762 km788 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 3rd Worcester DistrictGEOID 25144 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.446500K: 0.451 | 0.817500K: 0.817 | 78.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 47.862 km583 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Sullivan 05GEOID 33905 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.446500K: 0.448 | 0.859500K: 0.861 | 78.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 71.222 km508 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 86GEOID 17086 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.446500K: 0.447 | 0.810500K: 0.811 | 78.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 104.677 km1,346 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State Senate District 23GEOID 49023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.446500K: 0.450 | 0.805500K: 0.805 | 82.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 48.678 km496 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 20GEOID 13020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.446500K: 0.453 | 0.811500K: 0.812 | 78.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 49.281 km751 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 36GEOID 27036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.446500K: 0.448 | 0.834500K: 0.834 | 82.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 74.093 km920 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 12GEOID 20012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.446500K: 0.450 | 0.838500K: 0.838 | 78.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 454.378 km3,810 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State Senate District 31GEOID 05031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.447500K: 0.457 | 0.872500K: 0.872 | 82.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 69.971 km923 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 112GEOID 42112 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.447500K: 0.449 | 0.859500K: 0.859 | 78.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 92.763 km1,017 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 91GEOID 19091 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.447500K: 0.451 | 0.903500K: 0.903 | 78.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 245.383 km2,083 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 85GEOID 05085 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.447500K: 0.453 | 0.882500K: 0.882 | 78.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 187.971 km2,423 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State Senate District 27GEOID 44027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.447500K: 0.486 | 0.826500K: 0.829 | 82.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.1% | 23.734 km955 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State Senate District 25GEOID 09025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.447500K: 0.322 | 0.822500K: 0.769 | 83.0middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 27.9% | 55.751 km869 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State Senate District 31GEOID 29031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.447500K: 0.448 | 0.778500K: 0.778 | 83.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 416.796 km4,642 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Grafton 03GEOID 33403 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.447500K: 0.447 | 0.770500K: 0.770 | 78.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 144.031 km1,138 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 100GEOID 20100 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.447500K: 0.447 | 0.734500K: 0.735 | 78.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 22.555 km206 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 10GEOID 23010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.447500K: 0.222 | 0.829500K: 0.785 | 78.4middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 50.2% | 277.93 km1,601 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 95GEOID 12095 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.447500K: 0.453 | 0.777500K: 0.778 | 78.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 55.947 km766 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 41GEOID 49041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.447500K: 0.463 | 0.860500K: 0.860 | 78.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 83.506 km2,328 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Representative District 28GEOID 10028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.447500K: 0.433 | 0.908500K: 0.881 | 78.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 114.327 km1,621 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State House District 22GEOID 15022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.447500K: 0.459 | 0.856500K: 0.856 | 78.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 23.22 km585 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 80GEOID 30080 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.447500K: 0.459 | 0.777500K: 0.779 | 78.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 21.71 km337 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · Congressional District 4GEOID 2004 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.448500K: 0.448 | 0.875500K: 0.875 | 89.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 1,031.372 km5,934 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 74GEOID 12074 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.448500K: 0.450 | 0.799500K: 0.799 | 78.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 174.326 km1,985 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 56GEOID 20056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.448500K: 0.453 | 0.779500K: 0.779 | 78.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 40.045 km368 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 2GEOID 20002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.448500K: 0.450 | 0.843500K: 0.843 | 78.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 264.071 km2,082 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Windsor-Windham State House DistrictGEOID 50Y-W · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.448500K: 0.451 | 0.829500K: 0.830 | 78.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 98.724 km567 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 39GEOID 09039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.448500K: 0.461 | 0.811500K: 0.813 | 78.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 18.5 km355 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 40GEOID 30040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.448500K: 0.451 | 0.830500K: 0.830 | 78.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 70.477 km916 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State Senate District 14GEOID 26014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.448500K: 0.450 | 0.907500K: 0.907 | 83.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 264.634 km1,671 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 48GEOID 18048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.449500K: 0.460 | 0.872500K: 0.871 | 78.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 75.863 km1,400 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 143GEOID 36143 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.449500K: 0.457 | 0.843500K: 0.843 | 78.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 54.379 km616 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 31GEOID 28031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.449500K: 0.455 | 0.840500K: 0.840 | 83.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 305.505 km2,865 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 30GEOID 44030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.449500K: 0.458 | 0.914500K: 0.911 | 78.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 49.112 km1,021 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 50GEOID 26050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.449500K: 0.455 | 0.832500K: 0.832 | 78.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 171.12 km1,096 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 151GEOID 23151 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.449500K: 0.509 | 0.806500K: 0.503 | 78.7middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 11.8% | 73.183 km619 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 61GEOID 35061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.449500K: 0.461 | 0.809500K: 0.811 | 78.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 268.221 km1,395 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 69GEOID 30069 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.449500K: 0.458 | 0.887500K: 0.887 | 78.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 522.905 km6,365 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 69GEOID 12069 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.449500K: 0.459 | 0.815500K: 0.817 | 78.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 138.693 km1,766 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 43GEOID 23043 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.450500K: 0.172 | 0.836500K: 0.642 | 78.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 61.7% | 113.305 km1,069 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 90GEOID 23090 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.450500K: 0.473 | 0.895500K: 0.896 | 78.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.9% | 63.909 km1,500 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 69GEOID 09069 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.450500K: 0.458 | 0.810500K: 0.811 | 78.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 77.137 km1,318 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · Congressional District 3GEOID 2003 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.450500K: 0.452 | 0.794500K: 0.794 | 89.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 407.322 km3,323 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NE · State Senate District 8GEOID 31008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.450500K: 0.460 | 0.782500K: 0.782 | 83.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 25.69 km549 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 6GEOID 40006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.450500K: 0.459 | 0.880500K: 0.880 | 78.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 254.117 km3,591 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 6GEOID 12006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.450500K: 0.528 | 0.801500K: 0.854 | 78.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 14.7% | 325.894 km1,112 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 16GEOID 20016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.450500K: 0.456 | 0.802500K: 0.803 | 78.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 22.422 km371 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Essex-Orleans State House DistrictGEOID 50E-O · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.450500K: 0.462 | 0.848500K: 0.848 | 78.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 166.097 km1,462 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 64GEOID 19064 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.450500K: 0.451 | 0.788500K: 0.788 | 79.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 327.734 km2,653 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 59GEOID 22059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.450500K: 0.460 | 0.855500K: 0.855 | 79.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 54.736 km798 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NE · State Senate District 17GEOID 31017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.450500K: 0.452 | 0.766500K: 0.766 | 83.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 293.902 km2,307 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · State Senate District 21GEOID 32021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.450500K: 0.454 | 0.778500K: 0.779 | 83.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 71.256 km1,625 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State Senate District 4GEOID 20004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.450500K: 0.458 | 0.789500K: 0.789 | 83.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 53.65 km538 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · Congressional District 16GEOID 1216 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.450500K: 0.444 | 0.734500K: 0.752 | 89.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 329.572 km1,960 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Representative District 3GEOID 10003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.450500K: 0.466 | 0.819500K: 0.821 | 79.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 10.702 km342 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 27GEOID 44027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.451500K: 0.461 | 0.839500K: 0.840 | 79.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 19.602 km474 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 73GEOID 26073 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.451500K: 0.457 | 0.856500K: 0.856 | 79.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 178.633 km1,083 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 39GEOID 49039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.451500K: 0.462 | 0.760500K: 0.760 | 79.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 27.603 km616 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · Congressional District 8GEOID 1208 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.451500K: 0.405 | 0.780500K: 0.743 | 89.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 10.1% | 407.685 km2,062 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DC · Ward 2GEOID 11002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.451500K: 0.476 | 0.827500K: 0.821 | 83.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.3% | 22.61 km2,131 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 24GEOID 53024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.451500K: 0.212 | 0.769500K: 0.725 | 83.4middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 52.9% | 680.9 km2,413 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 24GEOID 53024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.451500K: 0.212 | 0.769500K: 0.725 | 79.1middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 52.9% | 680.9 km2,413 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| OK · State House District 24GEOID 40024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.451500K: 0.453 | 0.842500K: 0.842 | 79.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 123.665 km1,378 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 25GEOID 37025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.451500K: 0.466 | 0.929500K: 0.930 | 79.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 194.393 km3,990 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 77GEOID 12077 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.451500K: 0.455 | 0.876500K: 0.876 | 79.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 142.258 km1,237 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State Senate District 3GEOID 41003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.451500K: 0.458 | 0.852500K: 0.852 | 83.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 264.046 km2,252 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State Senate District 2GEOID 12002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.451500K: 0.505 | 0.784500K: 0.861 | 83.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 10.6% | 680.279 km5,034 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State Senate District 15GEOID 33015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.452500K: 0.473 | 0.806500K: 0.806 | 83.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.5% | 100.648 km1,431 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 73GEOID 39073 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.452500K: 0.463 | 0.887500K: 0.887 | 79.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 128.338 km1,295 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 203GEOID 42203 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.452500K: 0.456 | 0.739500K: 0.740 | 79.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 15.918 km287 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 24GEOID 37024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.452500K: 0.484 | 0.914500K: 0.914 | 83.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.5% | 345.883 km11,584 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 11GEOID 54011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.452500K: 0.459 | 0.810500K: 0.810 | 79.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 25.437 km581 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Bennington-1 State House DistrictGEOID 50B-1 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.452500K: 0.453 | 0.852500K: 0.852 | 79.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 114.243 km600 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 23GEOID 40023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.453500K: 0.455 | 0.851500K: 0.851 | 83.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 249.235 km2,233 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 1GEOID 35001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.453500K: 0.457 | 0.832500K: 0.831 | 79.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 159.746 km1,676 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 24GEOID 55024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.453500K: 0.455 | 0.905500K: 0.905 | 79.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 60.34 km778 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 33GEOID 05033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.453500K: 0.455 | 0.817500K: 0.817 | 79.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 241.647 km1,837 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 48GEOID 44048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.454500K: 0.487 | 0.852500K: 0.854 | 79.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.8% | 51.995 km1,678 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features